Kathmandu Class 9 Summary and explanation for English Beehive Lesson 8
Kathmandu Class 9 English Beehive summary and detailed explanation of the lesson ‘Kathmandu’ along with meanings of difficult words. Also, the explanation is followed by a Summary of the lesson. All the exercises and Question and Answers given at the back of the lesson have been covered.
- Introduction
- Theme of the Lesson
- See Video Explanation of Class 9 English Kathmandu
- Summary
- Summary in Hindi
- Lesson and Explanation
- Question Answers
- Kathmandu Class 9 MCQ Question Answers
- Class 9 English Beehive Book Poems word meaning
Kathmandu CBSE Class IX Beehive Lesson 8
by Vikram Seth (An extract from ‘Heaven Lake’)
Introduction
The writer Vikram Seth came from China to India hitchhiking via tibet and Nepal and wrote about it in his book titled ‘Heaven Lake’. In this excerpt from the book, we get to know about his visit to Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal.
THEME
The theme of the CBSE Class IX Beehive Lesson 10 “Kathmandu” by Vikram Seth, an extract from his book “Heaven Lake”, is the city of Kathmandu and the author’s personal experiences and observations during his visit there. The passage describes the sights, sounds, and atmosphere of the city, as well as the author’s reflections on the people and culture. The author also reflects on the idea of travel and the ways in which it can change one’s perspective on the world.
See Video for Explanation and Summary of the Lesson
Kathmandu Summary
In this chapter, the writer Vikram Seth describes his visit to Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal. He visited two temples there – one was the Pashupatinath temple which is a pilgrimage for the Hindus and the other was the Baudhnath temple which is a holy place for the Buddhists.
At the Pashupatinath temple, entry was restricted to Hindus. There was a lot of chaos with priests, tourists, pilgrims and animals flocking the place. The holy river Bagmati which flows near the temple was being polluted by washerwomen who were washing clothes in it, children who were bathing in it and residents who were throwing dry, withered flowers in it. Small shrines protruded on to the stone platform and it was said that when the platform would emerge completely, then the goddess would emerge out of it and end the Kaliyug. The scene at the Baudhnath temple was opposite to that at the Pashupatinath temple. It was a huge white coloured dome surrounded by an outer road. The place was quiet and calm. There was a Tibetan market outside the temple where Tibetan refugees were selling bags, garments and jewellery.
Kathmandu has a variety of things to offer. It has religious sanctity, it is a business hub and a tourist destination. There are shops selling postcards, antiques, chocolates, imported cosmetics, camera film rolls and utensils. A variety of sounds could be heard in the streets. The music blaring out of the radios, honking of the car horns, ringing of the bicycle bells, moo sounds of the cows as they obstructed the motorcycles passing by and the screaming vendors selling their wares. Vikram ate a marzipan bar, a corn on the cob roasted on charcoal fire and garnished with lemon juice, salt and chili powder and drank coca cola to digest it. He bought some love story comics and a Reader’s Digest too.
On his way back to Delhi, he considered going by an adventurous route. It would be a bus or train journey till Patna, then a boat ride up the Ganga river till Allahabad. It would be followed by a boat journey on the Yamuna river to Delhi. As he was tired, he chucked the idea and took a direct flight from Kathmandu to New Delhi the next day.
Outside his hotel, he saw a flute seller. He held a pole out of which many flutes popped out like the thorns on a porcupine’s body. The man stood quietly and would take out a different flute, play it for a couple of minutes and replace it with another one. Once in a while he would sell one of them mindlessly. He played the flute meditatively. He was unlike other hawkers who screamed to sell their wares. The writer got attracted to the music of the flute. Flutes are played in many regions of the world and they vary in appearance, names and the music that they produce. The sound of a flute resembles human voice as it is played by exhaling the breadth and its music also pauses when a person inhales a breadth.
Kathmandu Summary in Hindi
इस अध्याय में लेखक विक्रम सेठ ने नेपाल की राजधानी काठमांडू की अपनी यात्रा का वर्णन किया है। उन्होंने वहां दो मंदिरों का दौरा किया – एक पशुपतिनाथ मंदिर था जो हिंदुओं के लिए एक तीर्थस्थल है और दूसरा बौद्धनाथ मंदिर था जो बौद्धों के लिए एक पवित्र स्थान है।
पशुपतिनाथ मंदिर में प्रवेश केवल हिंदुओं तक ही सीमित था। पुजारियों, पर्यटकों, तीर्थयात्रियों और जानवरों के झुंड के साथ काफी अराजकता थी।
मंदिर के पास बहने वाली पवित्र नदी बागमती को कपड़े धोने वाले धोबी, उसमें नहाने वाले बच्चे और उसमें सूखे फूल फेंकने वाले निवासियों द्वारा प्रदूषित किया जा रहा था।
पत्थर के चबूतरे पर छोटे-छोटे मंदिर उभरे हुए थे और कहा जाता था कि जब चबूतरा पूरी तरह से निकल जाएगा तो उसमें से देवी निकलकर कलियुग का अंत कर देंगी।
बौधनाथ मंदिर का दृश्य पशुपतिनाथ मंदिर के विपरीत था। यह एक बाहरी सड़क से घिरा सफेद रंग का एक विशाल गुम्बद था। जगह बहुत शांत थी। मंदिर के बाहर एक तिब्बती बाज़ार था जहाँ तिब्बती शरणार्थी बैग, वस्त्र और आभूषण बेच रहे थे।
काठमांडू में कई तरह की चीजें हैं। इसकी धार्मिक पवित्रता है, यह एक व्यापारिक केंद्र और एक पर्यटन स्थल है। पोस्टकार्ड, प्राचीन वस्तुएं, चॉकलेट, आयातित सौंदर्य प्रसाधन, कैमरा फिल्म रोल और बर्तन बेचने वाली दुकानें हैं।
गलियों में तरह-तरह की आवाजें सुनी जा सकती थीं। रेडियो से संगीत बजना, कार के हॉर्न बजना, साइकिल की घंटियाँ बजना, गायों की आवाज़ सुनाई देना क्योंकि वे पास से गुजरने वाली मोटरसाइकिलों को रोकते हैं और चिल्लाते हुए विक्रेता अपना माल बेचते हैं।
विक्रम ने मार्जिपन बार खाया, चारकोल की आग पर भुनी हुई सिल पर एक मकई और नींबू के रस, नमक और मिर्च पाउडर से सजाकर उसे पचाने के लिए कोका कोला पिया। उन्होंने कुछ प्रेम कहानी कॉमिक्स और एक रीडर्स डाइजेस्ट भी खरीदा।
दिल्ली वापस जाते समय, उन्होंने एक साहसिक मार्ग से जाने का विचार किया। यह पटना तक एक बस या ट्रेन की यात्रा होगी, फिर इलाहाबाद तक गंगा नदी तक एक नाव की सवारी होगी।
इसके बाद यमुना नदी पर नाव से दिल्ली तक यात्रा की जाएगी। जब वे थके हुए थे, तो उन्होंने इस विचार को चकमा दिया और अगले दिन काठमांडू से नई दिल्ली के लिए सीधी उड़ान भरी।
अपने होटल के बाहर उन्होंने एक बांसुरी विक्रेता को देखा। उसके हाथ में एक खंभा था, जिसमें से साही के शरीर पर काँटों की तरह अनेक बाँसुरी निकल रही थी। वह आदमी चुपचाप खड़ा रहा और एक अलग बांसुरी निकालता, कुछ मिनटों के लिए उसे बजाता और उसकी जगह दूसरी बांसुरी बजाता।
कभी-कभी वह उनमें से एक को बिना सोचे समझे बेच देता था। उन्होंने ध्यान से बांसुरी बजायी। वह अन्य फेरीवालों के विपरीत था जो अपना माल बेचने के लिए चिल्लाते थे। लेखक बांसुरी के संगीत से आकर्षित हो गया।
दुनिया के कई क्षेत्रों में बांसुरी बजाई जाती है और वे दिखने, नाम और उनके द्वारा उत्पादित संगीत में भिन्न होते हैं। बांसुरी की ध्वनि मनुष्य की आवाज से मिलती जुलती है क्योंकि यह सांस छोड़ते हुए बजाई जाती है और जब कोई व्यक्ति एक चौड़ाई में सांस लेता है तो उसका संगीत भी रुक जाता है।
Kathmandu Lesson and Explanation
Passage – I GET a cheap room in the centre of town and sleep for hours. The next morning, with Mr Shah’s son and nephew, I visit the two temples in Kathmandu that are most sacred to Hindus and Buddhists.
Explanation of the above passage – Vikram took a cheap, affordable hotel room on rent and as he was tired from the journey, he slept for a few hours. The next morning he visited two temples in Kathmandu along with Mr.Shah’s son and nephew. One of the temples was a pilgrimage for Hindus and the other one of the Buddhists.
Passage – At Pashupatinath (outside which a sign proclaims ‘Entrance for the Hindus only’) there is an atmosphere of ‘febrile confusion’. Priests, hawkers, devotees, tourists, cows, monkeys, pigeons and dogs roam through the grounds. We offer a few flowers. There are so many worshippers that some people trying to get the priest’s attention are elbowed aside by others pushing their way to the front. A princess of the Nepalese royal house appears; everyone bows and makes way. By the main gate, a party of saffron-clad Westerners struggle for permission to enter. The policeman is not convinced that they are ‘the Hindus’ (only Hindus are allowed to enter the temple). A fight breaks out between two monkeys. One chases the other, who jumps onto a shivalinga, then runs screaming around the temples and down to the river, the holy Bagmati, that flows below. A corpse is being cremated on its banks; washerwomen are at their work and children bathe. From a balcony a basket of flowers and leaves, old offerings now wilted, is dropped into the river. A small shrine half protrudes from the stone platform on the river bank. When it emerges fully, the goddess inside will escape, and the evil period of the Kaliyuga will end on earth.
Word meaning
Proclaims: make known publicly or officially
Febrile confusion: hurried activity; complete chaos
Saffron – clad westerners: foreigners dressed as sadhus
Corpse: dead body
Wilted: dry and withered
Shrine: a place of worship
Protrudes: comes out
Kalyug: it is the fourth and last stages or time period of a Mahayuga. It started with the end of Mahabharata when Lord Krishna left the Earth.
Explanation of the above passage – Outside the Pashupatinath temple, a board was hung which read that entry into the temple was restricted to Hindus only. There was chaos outside the temple as priests, hawkers, devotees, tourists and various animals moved around. They writer and his friends offered a few flowers in the temple. There was a huge rush of pilgrims and they were elbowing each other in order to move ahead and reach the priest. As a royal princess appeared, everyone got aside to give way and bowed to her. At the main entrance, a group of foreigners who were dressed up in saffron colour clothes like sadhus were trying to gain entry into the temple. The guard denied entry as he knew that they were not hindus. Then he saw two monkeys fighting and one chased the other who jumped onto a shivling, then ran around the temple and finally, reached the banks of the holy Bagmati river which flows next to the temple. There he saw a dead body being cremated, washerwomen washing clothes and children bathing in the river. The writer noticed how the river was being polluted when a basket of dry withered flowers was thrown into it from the balcony of a building. A small temple protruded from the platform on the river bank. It is said that when the temple would emerge out completely, then the goddess in it would come out and the time period of the Kalyug would thus be ended by her.
Passage – At the Boudhnath stupa, the Buddhist shrine of Kathmandu, there is, in contrast, a sense of stillness. Its immense white dome is ringed by a road. Small shops stand on its outer edge: many of these are owned by Tibetan immigrants; felt bags, Tibetan prints and silver jewellery can be bought here. There are no crowds: this is a haven of quietness in the busy streets around.
Word meaning
Immigrants: a person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.
Haven: a safe place
Explanation of the above passage – Then the writer describes the Boudhanath temple which is a holy place for Buddhists. The place had a feel of calmness. There was a huge white – coloured dome circumscribed by a road. There was a Tibetan market on the edge of the road where immigrants from Tibet had out up shops selling felt bags, printed dresses and silver jewellery. There were no crowds and contrary to the scene at the Pashupatinath temple, the Baudhnath temple was calm and quiet with busy streets surrounding it.
Passage – Kathmandu is vivid, mercenary, religious, with small shrines to flower-adorned deities along the narrowest and busiest streets; with fruit sellers, flute sellers, hawkers of postcards; shops selling Western cosmetics, film rolls and chocolate; or copper utensils and Nepalese antiques. Film songs blare out from the radios, car horns sound, bicycle bells ring, stray cows low questioningly at motorcycles, vendors shout out their wares. I indulge myself mindlessly: buy a bar of marzipan, a corn on- the-cob roasted in a charcoal brazier on the pavement (rubbed with salt, chilli powder and lemon); a couple of love story comics, and even a Reader’s Digest. All this I wash down with Coca Cola and a nauseating orange drink, and feel much the better for it.
Word meaning
Deities: gods and goddesses
Cows low: the ‘moo’ sound made by cows
Marzipan: a sweet made with grated almonds
Brazier: open stove
Wash down: to drink something after a meal to digest it
Nauseating: sickening
Explanation of the above passage – The writer describes Kathmandu – the city has many different things to offer. It is a business hub, has religious places with many shrines, deities decorated with flowers on the narrow busy streets. There are hawkers selling fruits, flutes, postcards for the tourists. You can find many shops selling imported cosmetics, film rolls which were used in the old cameras, chocolates, copper utensils and Nepalese antiques. Many different sounds can be heard like music from the radio, car horn, bicycle bells, moo sound of the cows and screaming vendors selling their wares. The writer bought a bar of marzipan, a corn on the cob which had been roasted on charcoal fire by a roadside vendor. He had garnished it with lemon juice, salt and chilli powder. He also bought some love story comics and a Reader’s Digest magazine too. After eating all the things, he drank coca cola which is an aerated drink and would help him digest the food easily.
Passage – I consider what route I should take back home. If I were propelled by enthusiasm for travel per se, I would go by bus and train to Patna, then sail up the Ganges past Benaras to Allahabad, then up the Yamuna, past Agra to Delhi. But I am too exhausted and homesick; today is the last day of August. Go home, I tell myself: move directly towards home. I enter a Nepal Airlines office and buy a ticket for tomorrow’s flight.
Word meaning
Propelled: drive or push something forward
Per se: by itself
Explanation of the above passage – He thought of taking an adventurous route back home. It would be a bus or train journey till Patna. From there he would sail in a boat on the Ganga river and cross Benaras to reach Allahabad. From Allahabad, he would sail upon the Yamuna river, cross Agra and reach Delhi. He gave up this adventurous trip and decided to take a flight from Kathmandu to New Delhi as he was exhausted. He purchased a ticket from the Nepal Airlines office for the next day’s flight.
Passage – I look at the flute seller standing in a corner of the square near the hotel. In his hand is a pole with an attachment at the top from which fifty or sixty bansuris protrude in all directions, like the quills of a porcupine. They are of bamboo: there are cross-flutes and recorders. From time to time he stands the pole on the ground, selects a flute and plays for a few minutes. The sound rises clearly above the noise of the traffic and the hawkers’ cries. He plays slowly, meditatively, without excessive display. He does not shout out his wares. Occasionally he makes a sale, but in a curiously offhanded way as if this were incidental to his enterprise. Sometimes he breaks off playing to talk to the fruit seller. I imagine that this has been the pattern of his life for years.
Word meaning
Meditatively: thoughtfully
Offhanded: casual; not showing much interest in something
Explanation of the above passage – The writer saw a flute seller selling different bansuris. He was different from other hawkers. The was standing in a corner of the square outside the hotel. He was holding a pole which had an attachment on top of it. There were 50 60 flutes stuck in it. It resembled the thorny body of a porcupine. There were flutes made of bamboo and also cross flutes and recorders. The man would keep the pole on the ground and would play different flutes for short durations. He was calm, only the music of the flute could be heard. He played it meditatively and was not anxious to attract attention. At times he sold one flute but did not seem too interested to have a good sale. He would take breaks to talk to the fruit seller standing next to him. It seemed that this had been his routine since many years.
Passage – I find it difficult to tear myself away from the square. Flute music always does this to me: it is at once the most universal and most particular of sounds. There is no culture that does not have its flute — the reed neh, the recorder, the Japanese shakuhachi, the deep bansuri of Hindustani classical music, the clear or breathy flutes of South America, the high-pitched Chinese flutes. Each has its specific fingering and compass. It weaves its own associations. Yet to hear any flute is, it seems to me, to be drawn into the commonality of all mankind, to be moved by music closest in its phrases and sentences to the human voice. Its motive force too is living breath: it too needs to pause and breathe before it can go on.
Word meaning
Fingering: way of placing the fingers to play different notes
Compass: here, range
Explanation of the above passage – The music of the flute enchanted Vikram and he could not go away from there. He finds flute music to be the most universal sound. Flutes are played in many regions and have different names and varieties like the Shakuhachi in Japan, the deep bansuri of Hindustani classical music, the clear, breathy flutes in South America and the high – pitched flutes in China. Each flute has a different way to play it and the sound varies in pitch and depth. The sound that merges out of a flute is the most common sound, i.e., the sound of human voice. As the bansuri is played by the mouth, the player exhales into the flute to produce music and when he pauses to take a breath, the music of the flute also stops.
Passage – That I can be so affected by a few familiar phrases on the bansuri, surprises me at first, for on the previous occasions that I have returned home after a long absence abroad, I have hardly noticed such details, and certainly have not invested them with the significance I now do.
Explanation of the above passage – He is surprised that he is deeply influenced by the sounds of the bansuri. Never before has he noticed something in such depth as he noticed the flute seller and his wares.
Question and Answers
Answer these questions in one or two words or in short phrases.
Q1. Name the two temples the author visited in Kathmandu.
A. The author visited the pashupatinath and the Baudhnath temples in Kathmandu.
Q2. The writer says, “All this I wash down with Coca Cola.” What does ‘all this’ refer to?
A. ‘All this’ refers to all the food items – the marzipan bar and the corn on the cob that he ate.
Q3. What does Vikram Seth compare to the quills of a porcupine?
A. Vikram Seth compares the flutes protruding out of the flute – seller’s pole to the quills of a porcupine.
Q4. Name five kinds of flutes.
A. Five kinds of flutes are the reed neh, the recorder, the Japanese shakuhachi, the deep bansuri of Hindustani classical music and the clear or breathy flutes of South America.
Answer each question in a short paragraph.
Q1. What difference does the author note between the flute seller and the other hawkers?
A. The author noticed that the flute seller was calm and quiet. He did not scream to sell his wares like other hawkers did.
Q2. What is the belief at Pashupatinath about the end of Kaliyug?
A. The belief at the Pashupatinath temple about the end of Kaliyug is that when the small shrine will protrude completely, then the goddess will emerge out of it. The goddess will bring an end to the evil period of Kaliyug.
Q3. The author has drawn powerful images and pictures. Pick out three examples each of
(i) the atmosphere of ‘febrile confusion’ outside the temple of Pashupatinath (for example: some people trying to get the priest’s attention are elbowed aside…)
(ii) the things he sees
(iii) the sounds he hears
A. (i) the atmosphere of ‘febrile confusion’ outside the temple of Pashupatinath (for example: some people trying to get the priest’s attention are elbowed aside…)
a) There are so many worshippers that some people trying to get the priest’s attention are elbowed aside by others
b) By the main gate, a party of saffron-clad Westerners struggle for permission to enter.
c) A fight breaks out between two monkeys.
(ii) the things he sees
a) fruit sellers
b) flute sellers
c) hawkers of postcards
(iii) the sounds he hears
a) Film songs blare out from the radios
b) car horns sound
c) vendors shout out their wares.
Answer the following questions in not more than 100–150 words each.
Q1. Compare and contrast the atmosphere in and around the Baudhnath shrine with the Pashupatinath temple.
A. The atmosphere at the Baudhnath temple is calm and quiet. The temple has a huge white dome with an outer ring road. The place is relaxing as there are no noises or crowds around.
On the contrary, the atmosphere at the Pashupatinath temple is chaotic. There is a lot of confusion and noise as tourists, pilgrims, priests and animals roam around. As entry is restricted to Hindus only, foreigners dressed as sadhus can be seen arguing with the guards to gain entry. A rush of people can be seen elbowing each other to gain entry. One can see monkeys fighting and climbing on the shivling in the temple. There is a lot of activity going on near the holy river Bagmati that flows near the temple.
Q2. How does the author describe Kathmandu’s busiest streets?
A. Kathmandu’s busiest streets are lined with shops and stalls selling different things. There are small temples having deities adorned with flowers. The vendors scream to attract buyers. There are shops selling various things, namely, chocolates, camera film rolls, imported cosmetics, postcards, utensils and antiques. There are hawkers selling fruits, flutes, postcards for the tourists.
Q3. “To hear any flute is to be drawn into the commonality of all mankind.” Why does the author say this?
A. The author says this because the sound produced by the flute is the closest to human voice. It is an extension of human voice as it is produced by exhaling into it.
Grammar Exercises
Match the phrasal verbs in Column A with their meanings in Column B.
A |
B |
(i) break out |
(a) to come apart due to force |
(ii) break off |
(b) end a relationship |
(iii) break down |
(c) break and enter illegally; unlawful trespassing |
(iv) break away (from someone) |
(d) of start suddenly, (usually a fight a war or a disease) |
(v) break up |
(e) to escape from someone’s grip |
(vi) break into |
(f) stop working |
A.
A |
B |
(i) break out |
(d) of start suddenly, (usually a fight a war or a disease) |
(ii) break off |
(a) to come apart due to force |
(iii) break down |
(f) stop working |
(iv) break away (from someone) |
(e) to escape from someone’s grip |
(v) break up |
(b) end a relationship |
(vi) break into |
(c) break and enter illegally; unlawful Trespassing |
Use the suffixes -ion or -tion to form nouns from the following verbs. Make the necessary changes in the spellings of the words.
Example: proclaim – proclamation
cremate |
cremation |
act |
action |
exhaust |
exhaustion |
invent |
invention |
tempt |
temptation |
immigrate |
immigration |
direct |
direction |
meditate |
meditation |
imagine |
imagination |
dislocate |
dislocation |
associate |
association |
dedicate |
dedication |
Now fill in the blanks with suitable words from the ones that you have formed.
(i) Mass literacy was possible only after the __________ of the printing machine.
(ii) Ramesh is unable to tackle the situation as he lacks _________.
(iii) I could not resist the ___________ to open the letter.
(iv) Hardwork and _____________ are the main keys to success.
(v) The children were almost fainting with _________ after being made to stand in the sun.
A.
(i) Mass literacy was possible only after the invention of the printing machine.
(ii) Ramesh is unable to tackle the situation as he lacks action.
(iii) I could not resist the temptation to open the letter.
(iv) Hardwork and dedication are the main keys to success.
(v) The children were almost fainting with exhaustion after being made to stand in the sun.
Use capital letters, full stops, question marks, commas and inverted commas wherever necessary in the following paragraph.
an arrogant lion was wandering through the jungle one day he asked the tiger who is stronger than you you O lion replied the tiger who is more fierce than a leopard asked the lion you sir replied the leopard he marched up to an elephant and asked the same question the elephant picked him up in his trunk swung him in the air and threw him down look said the lion there is no need to get mad just because you don’t know the answer
A.
An arrogant lion was wandering through the jungle. One day, he asked the tiger,” who is stronger than you?”. “You, O Lion!,” replied the tiger. “Who is more fierce than a leopard,” asked the lion. “You, sir,” replied the leopard. He marched up to an elephant and asked the same question. The elephant picked him up in his trunk, swung him in the air and threw him down. “Look,” said the lion, “there is no need to get mad just because you don’t know the answer.”
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in brackets.
(i) The heart is a pump that ________ (send) the blood circulating through our body. The pumping action __________ (take place) when the left ventricle of the heart ________ (contract). This _________ (force) the blood out into the arteries, which _________ (expand) to receive the oncoming blood.
(ii) The African lungfish can live without water for up to four years. During a drought it _______(dig) a pit and ________ (enclose) itself in a capsule of slime and earth, leaving a tiny opening for air. The capsule _______ (dry) and _________ (harden), but when rain ________ (come), the mud ________ (dissolve) and the lungfish _________ (swim) away.
(iii) MAHESH : We have to organise a class party for our teacher.
__________ (Do) anyone play an instrument?
VIPUL : Rohit __________ (play) the flute.
MAHESH : _______________ (Do) he also act?
VIPUL : No, he__________ (compose) music.
MAHESH : That’s wonderful!
A.
(i) The heart is a pump that sends the blood circulating through our body. The pumping action takes place when the left ventricle of the heart contracts. This forces the blood out into the arteries, which expands to receive the oncoming blood.
(ii) The African lungfish can live without water for up to four years. During a drought it digs a pit and encloses itself in a capsule of slime and earth, leaving a tiny opening for air. The capsule dries and hardens, but when rain comes, the mud dissolves and the lungfish swims away.
(iii) MAHESH : We have to organise a class party for our teacher.
Does anyone play an instrument?
VIPUL : Rohit plays the flute.
MAHESH : Does he also act?
VIPUL : No, he composes music.
MAHESH : That’s wonderful!
