List of Poetic Devices used in Class 9 English Beehive Book Poems
Poetic Devices in Class 9 English Poems – A “poetic device” refers to anything a poet uses to enhance the literal meaning of their poem. Poetic devices are an essential part of English poetry. It is therefore a tool that significantly enhances a poem’s substance, heightens its feel, or provides the essential rhythm. Let’s have a look at the poetic devices which have been used in class 10 English Beehive Book Poems.
Poem 1 – The Road Not Taken
Literary Devices
1. Alliteration: Wanted Wear ‘w’ sound is repeating
‘first for’ – ‘f’ sound is repeating
‘though, that’- ‘th’ sound is repeating
2. Anaphora: ‘and’ repeated at the beginning of lines 2, 3 and 4
3. Repetition: ‘Ages’ is repeated. ‘Two roads diverged in a wood’- this sentence is repeated in stanzas 1 and 4.
4. Rhyme Scheme: abaab
5. Symbolism: two roads that represent two or more choices in our life
Poem 2 – Wind
Literary devices
1. Alliteration – the repetition of a consonant sound in close connection. ‘wind winnows’.
‘won’t want’
2. Anaphora – When a word is repeated at the start of two or more consecutive lines, it is the device of Anaphora.
Lines 2, 3, 4 begin with ‘don’t’.
Lines 6, 7, 8 begin with ‘you’.
3. Personification – wind has been personified. When the poet says ‘you are’, he is referring to wind as ‘you’ that means he is treating wind as a person.
4. Repetition – ‘crumbling’ is repeated many times to lay emphasis. The poet wants to say that the wind crushes everything that is weak. That is why he repeats the word crumbling.
5. Rhyme scheme – The entire poem is written in free verse. There is no rhyme scheme in the poem.
6. Symbolism – Symbolism means that the thing refers to some other thing. the wind is a symbol. It refers to the challenges in life. He is using wind as a symbol for the adversities in our life.
Poem 3 – Rain on the Roof
Literary Devices
1. Alliteration: The repetition of a consonant sound in two or more consecutive words.
‘Humid Hover’ – ‘h’ sound is repeating.
‘starry spheres’ – ‘s’ should is repeating.
‘press pillow’- ‘p’ sound is repeating.
‘lie listening’ – ‘l’ sound is repeating.
The repetition of a consonant sound in two or more consecutive words.
‘memory my mother’ – ‘m’ sound is repeating
‘Darling dreamers’ – ‘d’ sound is repeating
The repetition of a consonant sound in two or more consecutive words.
‘busy being’ – ‘b’ sound is repeating
‘their thread’ – ‘th’ sound is repeating
‘rain roof’ – ‘r’ sound is repeating
2. Onomatopoeia: The use of sound words to create a dramatic effect and auditory imagery.
‘Patter’ is the use of sound words. It is the sound made by the raindrops falling on the rooftop.
The use of sound words to create a dramatic effect and auditory imagery.
‘tinkle’, ‘patter’ – sounds made by the raindrops
The use of sound words to create a dramatic effect and auditory imagery.
‘patter’ – sound of raindrops falling on the shingles of the roof.
3. Personification: Treating a non – living thing as a living being.
recollection is personified when he says that they weave dreams.
darkness has been personified when he says that it is sad.
4. Rhyme scheme of the poem: abcbdefe
5. Transferred Epithet: The use of an adjective with a noun when it refers to another noun.
In ‘melancholy darkness’, the darkness is not melancholy, but it refers to the sad people.
‘dreamy fancies’ – it does not mean that the fancies are dreamy but refers to the people who have dreams.
Poem 4 – The Lake Isle of Innisfree
Literary Devices
1. Alliteration: The repetition of a consonant sound in two or more closely placed words is called alliteration. The instances of alliteration in the poem are –
a.‘hive’, ‘honey bee’ – ‘h’ sound is repeated;
b.‘lake’, ‘lapping’, ‘low’ – ‘l’ sound is repeated
2. Metaphor: clouds are compared to veils
3. Personification: morning is personified
4. Repetition: ‘I will arise and go now’ is repeated in stanza 1 and 3
5. Rhyme Scheme: abab
Poem 5 – A Legend of Northland
Literary Devices
1. Alliteration: is the repetition of a consonant sound in two or more close words.
Stanza 1 – that, they, them through – ‘th’ sound is repeating
Stanza 2 – they, the – ‘th’ sound is repeating
look, like – ‘l’ sound is repeating
funny, furry – ‘f’ sound is repeating
Stanza 3 – they, them- ‘th’ sound is repeating
yet, you – ‘‘y sound is repeating’
learn, lesson – ‘l’ sound is repeating
tell, tale, to – ‘t’ sound is repeating
Stanza 5 – woman, was – ‘w’ sound is repeating
Them, the, hearth – ‘th’ sound is repeating
Stanza 6 – faint, fasting – ‘f’ sound is repeating
Stanza 8 – still, smaller – ‘s’ sound is repeating
Stanza 9 – took, tiny -‘t’ sound is repeating
Stanza 10 – seem, small – ‘s’ sound is repeating
Stanza 13 – build, birds – ‘b’ sound is repeating
by, boring, boring – ‘b’ sound is repeating
2. Enjambment: running lines of poetry from one to the next without using any kind of punctuation to indicate a stop
Stanza 1 – line 3 and 4
Stanza 2 – Line 1 and 2; line 3 and 4
Stanza 3 – Line 3 and 4
Stanza 4 – Line 1 and 2; 3 and 4
Stanza 10 – Line 1, 2 and 3
Stanza 11 – Line 1 and 2
3. Repetition: any word or sentence is repeated to lay emphasis on it.
Stanza 1 – ‘away’ word is repeated
Stanza 9 – ‘rolled’ word is repeated
Stanza 13, 16 – ‘boring’ word is repeated
4. Rhyme Scheme: abcb
5. Simile: Comparison using ‘as’ or ‘like’
Stanza 2 – ‘the children look like bear’s cubs’. Children compared to bear’s cubs
Stanza 9 – ‘baked it thin as a wafer’. Cake is compared to a wafer.
Stanza 15 – ‘clothes were burned black as a coal’. The colour of the burned clothes is compared to that of coal.
Poem 6 – No Men Are Foreign
Literary Devices
1. Alliteration: The repetition of a consonant sound in two or more closely placed words is called alliteration. The instances of alliteration in the poem are –
Stanza 1 – Body, breathes ‘b’ sound is repeated
Stanza 2 – war’s, winter ‘w’ sound is repeated
2. Enjambment – running lines of poetry from one line to the next without using any kind of punctuation to indicate a stop. Instances of enjambment in the poem are as follows-
Stanza 1 – line 2, 3 and 4
Stanza 2 – line 3 and 3
Stanza 3 – line 1, 2, and 3
Stanza 4 – line 1 and 2
Stanza 5 – Line 2 and 3
3. Metaphor
Stanza 1 – Uniform refers to the military of different countries
Stanza 2 – wars time is compared to the winter season
4. Repetition: It is used in the entire poem.
‘Remember’ word is repeated 5 times in this poem.
‘Remember, no men are strange, no countries foreign’ is repeated in stanza 1 and stanza 5
5. Rhyme Scheme – The entire poem is written in free verse. There is no rhyme scheme in the poem.
Poem 7 – On Killing a Tree
Literary Devices
1. Alliteration: repetition of a consonant sound in 2 or more closely places words.
Bleeding bark – ‘b’ sound
White and wet – ‘w’ sound
2. Enjambment: When one sentence continues into two or more lines.
Not a simple jab of the knife
Will do it. It has grown
Slowly consuming the earth
Rising out of it, feeding
Upon its crust, absorbing
Years of sunlight, air, water,
And out of its leprous hide
Sprouting leaves.
The most sensitive, hidden
For years inside the earth.
3. Metaphor : indirect comparison
Leprous hide – the uneven colour of the surface of the trunk of a tree is compared to the skin of a person suffering from leprosy.
Bleeding bark – the sap coming out of tree where it is cut is compared to the bleeding from the wound in a human’s body.
4. Repetition: a word or sentence is repeated to lay emphasis on it.
‘Pulled out’ is repeated
5. Rhyme scheme : No rhyme scheme is there in the poem. It is written in free verse. There is no rhyme or rhythm.
Poem 8 – A Slumber did my spirit seal
Literary devices
1 Alliteration – The repetition of a consonant sound at the start of two or more consecutive words is called alliteration. The instances of alliteration are as follows –
‘Spirit sealed’, ‘rolled round’
2. Enjambment – when a sentence continues into two or more lines ending without any punctuation marks, it is called Enjambment. The instances of enjambment are as follows –
“She seemed a thing that could not feel
The touch of earthly years.”
“Rolled round in earth’s diurnal course
With rocks and stones and trees.”
3. Rhyme scheme – abab cdcd
