The Full form of BPH is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. BPH is a nonmalignant and noncancerous enlargement of the prostate gland. The enlarged prostate may compress urethra (the urinary tube), which courses through the center of the prostate, impeding the flow of urine from the bladder through the urethra to the outside. Complete blockage can occur if BPH is severe enough. BPH generally begins after the age of 30; it evolves slowly and causes symptoms only after age 50. Half of the male population, over the age of 50 develops symptoms of BPH, but only a minority need medical or surgical intervention. A doctor or other health care professional usually by rectal examination can detect an enlarged prostate. The doctor also may examine the prostate, urethra and bladder using a cytoscope, an instrument that is inserted through the penis or with ultrasound. A doctor who is a specialist in diseases of the urinary system (also called urologist), can treat the problem of BPH. The best protection against prostate problems is to have regular medical checkups that include a careful prostate exam. See a doctor promptly if symptoms occur such as: Painful urination, a frequent urge to urinate, bloody urine, difficulty in urinating and dribbling of urine.