Plants also Breathe and Feel Summary and Explanation
PSEB Class 9 English Chapter 2 Plants also Breathe and Feel Summary, Explanation along with Difficult Word Meanings from English Main Course Book
Plants also Breathe and Feel Summary – Are you looking for the summary, theme and Lesson explanation for Punjab School Education Board (PSEB) Class 9 English Chapter 2 – Plants also Breathe and Feel from English Main Course Book. Get Lesson summary, theme, explanation along with difficult word meanings
PSEB Class 9 English Main Course Book Chapter 2 – Plants also Breathe and Feel
All of us know that plants have life, but how many of us know that they have hearts, can feel and see? This extract tells us something about the scientist who made this dramatic discovery.
- Plants also Breathe and Feel Summary
- Plants also Breathe and Feel Summary in Hindi
- Plants also Breathe and Feel Theme
- Plants also Breathe and Feel Explanation
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Plants also Breathe and Feel Summary
Jagdish Chandra Bose was born in the year 1858 in a village in Bengal. He studied Physics at Calcutta University and then went to Cambridge, England for further studies. When he returned to India, he was chosen for the position Professor of Physics at Presidency College in Calcutta. He discovered that he was not given as much money as the British professors. He did not touch his salary for three years, and eventually, he won the struggle. In the Paris Congress of Science, 1900, Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose presented the crescograph, a machine that could measure the growth of plants, the senses that tell a plant a stranger is approaching, and their response to stimuli. The great men who came to the congress were amazed at the invention. They were surprised to know that the machine was made in India because India was known for contributing to fine arts, philosophy and literature, but not science. Therefore, Bose paved the way for India in the field of science. In a convocation in the University of Mysore in November 1927, Bose addressed the assembly by highlighting the importance of action in gaining fame.
Summary of the Lesson Plants also Breathe and Feel in Hindi
जगदीश चंद्र बोस का जन्म 1858 में बंगाल के एक गाँव में हुआ था। उन्होंने कलकत्ता विश्वविद्यालय में भौतिकी की पढ़ाई की और फिर आगे की पढ़ाई के लिए इंग्लैंड के कैम्ब्रिज चले गए। भारत लौटने पर, उन्हें कलकत्ता के प्रेसीडेंसी कॉलेज में भौतिकी के प्रोफेसर के पद के लिए चुना गया। उन्हें पता चला कि उन्हें ब्रिटिश प्रोफेसरों जितना वेतन नहीं दिया जाता था। उन्होंने तीन साल तक अपने वेतन को हाथ नहीं लगाया और आखिरकार, उन्होंने यह लड़ाई जीत ली। 1900 में पेरिस विज्ञान कांग्रेस में, सर जगदीश चंद्र बोस ने क्रेस्कोग्राफ नामक एक मशीन प्रस्तुत की, जो पौधों की वृद्धि, किसी अजनबी के आने का संकेत देने वाली इंद्रियों और उत्तेजनाओं के प्रति उनकी प्रतिक्रिया को माप सकती थी। कांग्रेस में आए महानुभाव इस आविष्कार पर चकित थे। उन्हें यह जानकर आश्चर्य हुआ कि यह मशीन भारत में बनी थी क्योंकि भारत ललित कला, दर्शन और साहित्य में योगदान के लिए जाना जाता था, लेकिन विज्ञान के लिए नहीं। इसलिए, बोस ने विज्ञान के क्षेत्र में भारत के लिए मार्ग प्रशस्त किया। नवंबर 1927 में मैसूर विश्वविद्यालय के एक दीक्षांत समारोह में, बोस ने प्रसिद्धि पाने के लिए कर्म के महत्व पर प्रकाश डालते हुए सभा को संबोधित किया।
Theme of the Lesson Plants also Breathe and Feel
The chapter is themed on novelty. It shows that if you have different ideas and beliefs, you should not let the judgement of other people affect you. Novelty creates room for creativity, discovery, invention, and open-mindedness. The chapter revolves around Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose, a renowned plant physiologist and physicist. It sheds light on his brilliant mind, curious eye, and his love for his country and fellow countrymen. It highlights the importance of standing up for your own selves.
Plants also Breathe and Feel Lesson Explanation
Passage: It was an event that surprised the scientific world. It was an undreamt of thing. Here was a man who had built a unique instrument – an instrument that could measure the growth of plants. Here was a man who had proved with this wonderful machine that plants have hearts and can feel. The machine showed that plants have sight and a sense which tells them that a stranger is approaching.
Word-meanings:
undreamt of: something that could not be dreamed of
unique: matchless, which has no equal
approaching: coming near
Explanation: This chapter is based on an event that showcased scientific inventions. A man had built an instrument that was unique and undreamt of. The instrument could measure the growth of plants, prove that plants have hearts, and show that a stranger was approaching it.
Passage: “Your instrument is a wonderful thing,” said the great men who had come to the Paris Congress of Science, 1900. They were amazed as the inventor showed them how to use the machine.
“What do you call this instrument ?” they asked. “A crescograph,” replied Jagdish Chandra Bose, the great scientist, who had built this wonderful machine.
“And where was it made?” the scientists asked.
Word-meanings:
amazed: surprised
Explanation: The wealthy and famous men had come to see the scientific inventions at the Paris Congress of Science, 1900. The men complimented the instrument. They were amazed at the idea behind the instrument and how it worked. They asked the inventor what he called the instrument. The inventor, Jagdish Chandra Bose, said that the instrument was called a crescograph. The scientists then asked where the machine had been made.
Passage: “In India,” was the answer. The reply caused greater surprise. India in the nineteenth century was well known for its greatness in the fields of fine arts, literature and philosophy. But in the field of science it had not progressed much. Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose with his invention made a name for himself and his country in the scientific world.
Explanation: Jagdish told them the machine had been made in India. This answer surprised the great men because in the nineteenth century, India was known for progress in fine arts, literature, and philosophy, but not science.
Passage: Bose was born in 1858 in a village in Bengal. After studying Physics at Calcutta University, he went to England for further studies. He graduated from Cambridge, then returned to India and was appointed Professor of Physics at Presidency College in Calcutta.
Word-meanings:
appointed: chosen beforehand
Explanation: Jagdish Chandra Bose was born in the year 1858 in a village in Bengal. He studied Physics at Calcutta University, and then went to Cambridge, England for further studies. When he returned to India, he was chosen for the position of Professor of Physics at Presidency College in Calcutta.
Passage: A three-year struggle began between Bose and the government, in which he was victorious. An Indian, in those days of British rule, usually received two-thirds of the salary paid to a European professor. Bose’s appointment was a temporary one, so he was given only half the rate for a European. Bose was not the man to take this quietly. He felt that people who did the same amount and same kind of work should be paid the same salary whatever race or nation they belonged to. It is worth remembering that discoveries do not come from the faithful followers and the yes-men of science; they come from the doubters and the rebels. Bose was, by nature, a rebel.
Word-meanings:
victorious: winner
temporary: which does not last long
rebel: one who goes against law
Explanation: There was a disagreement between Bose and the government for three years. The disagreement was over Bose’s salary as a professor. According to the British rule, an Indian usually received two-thirds of the salary paid to a European professor. Bose argued against this injustice because he believed that people who did the same amount and same kind of work should be paid the same salary regardless of race. Being a rebel is what made Bose progress in Science because scientific discoveries do not come from faithful followers but from rebels.
Passage: He refused to touch any part of his salary for three years. It was a question of his self-respect and he was not ready to give up his principles. In the end, victory was his.
Word-meanings:
give up: to stop efforts or fighting
Explanation: Bose did not use the salary for three years to uphold his principles. Bose won the struggle after three years.
Passage: Bose now began the work which has made him famous all over the world. He had, from boyhood, been interested in animal and plant life, and now his work in Physics led him back to his old love. He had noticed that his wireless receiver showed signs of ‘tiredness’ after it had been in use for some time, but in some strange way got back its power after being ‘rested’. Here was food for thought, the kind of thought from which great discoveries come.
Explanation: After winning the struggle, he began to work on his world-famous inventions and discoveries. When he was young, he had an interest in animal and plant life. Physics led him back to his old interests
Passage: Until the end of the Middle Ages, the world was looked on as one beautiful unity, created by God. Man believed that everything in the world, from man to rocks and stones, had its place and purpose. The discoveries of Galileo and Newton changed the world-picture. Man began to study each branch of science separately with greater detail and there developed several different kinds of sciences. Bose, however, recognised a unity among all these different branches of science.
Word-meanings:
world-picture: picture or view of the world
Explanation: The world was perceived as one collective place made by God. But then, the discoveries of Galileo and Newton changed the way humans viewed the world. Different branches of science were set up to study every part of the world. Bose was a scientist who identified the similarity between the various branches of science.
Passage: He realized that there was a similarity in the behaviour of lifeless and living things. It was, however, not easy to convince others. People hold on to their old beliefs and do not like to change them. Bose suggested that the animal, vegetable and mineral kingdoms were one and had a great deal in common. He said that plants and metals had a life of their own and could become ‘tired”, ‘depressed’ or ‘happy’. People laughed at him. They did not take him seriously.
Explanation: Bose found a similarity between the behaviour of living and non-living things. He thought that the animal, vegetable and mineral kingdoms were similar. He suggested that plants and metals could experience exhaustion, happiness or sadness. However, this was a weird belief to others and they laughed at him. His theories were not taken seriously.
Passage: Bose knew he was right and he proved it. To begin with, he designed and built a machine which recorded his findings with maximum exactness. This was the ‘crescograph’, the amazing instrument which records the growth of plants. It magnifies the movement of plant tissues ten thousand times and can record the reaction of plants to manures, noise and other stimuli. The crescograph proved that Bose had not been wrong. It showed that plants have hearts and are capable of feeling. The crescograph indicated that plants have a keen sight and react to rays of light and wireless waves. The machine proved that plants have a special sense which tells them of the approach of a stranger.
Word-meanings:
stimuli: anything that causes reaction
capable: having the ability or capacity to do something
Explanation: Bose wanted to prove he was right, so he built the crescograph to record the growth and other reactions of plants. It shows the movement of plant tissues by zooming into it ten thousand times. It records the reaction of plants to stimuli. The crescograph showed that plants have a keen sight, can react to rays of light and wireless waves, can tell when a stranger is approaching them, and that they have a heart.
Passage: The story of this great scientist will not be complete without some mention of his concern for India and her people. He had a deep faith in the intelligence of his countrymen. Bose was certain that they were as capable of doing great things today as their ancestors had done in the past. In an address at a convocation of the University of Mysore in November 1927, Sir Jagdish Chandra Bose spoke about India’s glory in the past and declared that it was action and not idleness that was responsible for that glory. He believed that there could be no happiness for a single person unless it had been won for all. And this great scientist wanted his countrymen to have undying hope and faith in the future.
Word-meanings:
convocation: a large formal assembly of people
glory: name or fame
undying: firm, everlasting
Explanation: Bose cared about his country and fellow countrymen. He believed in our intelligence and in our capability to do great things. There was a convocation at the University of Mysore in November 1927. Bose addressed the assembly by talking about India’s fame in the past. India’s status was gained through action, not idleness. He believed that true happiness is achieved when the entire nation is happy. Bose wanted his countrymen to have firm and everlasting hope and faith in the future.
Conclusion
This post on the lesson Plants also Breathe and feel from PSEB Class 9 English Main Course book covers the summary, lesson explanation and word meanings of the lesson. This will enable students to get a better understanding of the text.