IGNOU Bachelor of Computer Application – BCA Courses, Subjects offered, Syllabus

IGNOU BCA Subjects and what is the syllabus of IGNOU BCA course

IGNOU Bachelor of Computer Application: Bachelor of Computer Applications or BCA is a three-year undergraduate degree course in Computer application. The course is equivalent to a BE or B.Tech in Computer Science. BCA is the one of most popular course students opt for these days because of the rise in the IT technologies and companies.

IGNOU BCA course subjects demonstrate sound knowledge in key areas of computer science or industrial computing. The courses comprises of the subjects like database, networking, data structure, core programming languages like ‘C’ and ‘java and many more. With Bachelor in Computer Application Degree there is no obstruction in finding good job opportunities. One has a choice to choose from numerous career options in various fields like Software development,Technical Support Department of Banks, Educational institution, Government offices etc.

See: BCA Entrance Exam

IGNOU BCA Specialisations:

• BCA – General
• BCA – Database Systems
• BCA – Animation And Multimedia

Some of the major highlights of the course are mentioned below

• Course Level: Undergraduate
• Duration: 3 years
• Examination Type: Semester system
• Eligibility: 10+2 with either Commerce or Science stream from a recognized board. Some colleges prefer students from science stream or who have studied Mathematics and Computer Science at 10+2 level with a minimum of 45% in aggregate.
• Admission Process: Merit-based or through a common entrance test conducted by the respective universities.
• Course Fees INR 10K – 3 Lacs
• Average Starting Salary: Average salary for graduates is approximately 25,000 to 30,000 per month and increases with experience.
• Job Positions

• Programmer
• System Analyst
• Network Designer
• Game Developer
• Software Engineer
• Software Tester
• Project Manager
• System Administrator
• System Security Officer
• Software Architect
• Associate Software Engineer

See: BCA Entrance Exam Question papers

Subject offered for IGNOU BCA Course

Bachelor of Computer Application is usually divided into 3 years or 6 semesters. The program is divided into two semesters per year. Each semester comprises of 6 months. BCA Students needs to study 6-7 subjects in each semester. Almost all of the universities/colleges have similar kind of subjects in BCA Course

Semester I

• Foundation course in English 2
• Business Organization
• Computer Basics and PC Software
• Mathematics
• Computer Basics and PC Software Lab

Semester II

• Accountancy
• Problem Solving and Programming
• Computer Organization and Assembly Language Programming
• Communication Skills
• Discrete Mathematics
• C Language Programming Lab
• Assembly Language Programming Lab

Semester III

• Data and File Structures
• Introduction to Database Management Systems
• Systems Analysis and Design
• Programming in C++
• C++ Programming Lab
• Data and File Structures Lab
• DBMS Lab

Semester IV

• Statistical Techniques
• Object Oriented Technologies and Java Programming
• Fundamentals of Computer Networks
• Introduction to Algorithm Design
• Internet Concepts and Web Design
• Java Programming Lab
• Statistical Techniques Lab
• Algorithm Design Lab

Semester V

• Introduction to Software Engineering
• Network Programming and Administration
• Web Programming
• Computer Oriented Numerical Techniques
• Business Communication
• Network Programming and Administration Lab
• Web Programming Lab
• Computer Oriented Numerical Techniques Lab

Semester VI

• E-Commerce
• Operating System Concepts and Networking Management
• Operating System Concepts and Networking Management Lab
• Project

Also See : BCA Full Form

IGNOU BCA Program Syllabus

Syllabus for BCA course is designed specially to impart basic knowledge of the course and enable students to have a basic understanding of computer science and its application. Almost all universities BCA Syllabus is  more or less the same. same. So here we have provided you the Syllabus of IGNOU BCA Program.

The following is the syllabus of all the six semesters of BCA program.

Syllabus of IGNOU BCA First Semester

Foundation Course in English -2 (4 Credits)

Block 1

• Unit 1 : Writing paragraph-1,
• Unit 2 : Writing paragraph-2, the development of a paragraph
• Unit 3 : Writing a composition
• Unit 4 : Expository composition
• Unit 5 : Note-taking 1
• Unit 6 : Writing reports-I, reporting events

Block 2

• Unit 7 : Argumentative composition-1, techniques of argument
• Unit 8 : Argumentative composition-1, logical presentation
• Unit 9 : Note taking-2, use of tables and diagrams
• Unit 10 : Writing reports-2, reporting meetings and speeches
• Unit 11 : Writing summaries-1
• Unit 12 : Writing summaries-2

Block 3

• Unit 13 : Writing paragraphs-2
• Unit 14 : Narrative composition-1
• Unit 15 : Narrative composition-2
• Unit 16 : Writing reports-3, reporting interviews
• Unit 17 : Writing reports-4, reporting surveys
• Unit 18 : Writing summaries-3

Block 4

• Unit 19 : Descriptive composition-1, describing persons
• Unit 20 : Descriptive composition-2, describing places and objects
• Unit 21 : Descriptive composition-3, describing conditions and processes
• Unit 22 : Note-taking-3,
• Unit 23 : Writing reports-5, reporting experiments
• Unit 24 : Summing up

Business Organization (4 Credits)

This course consists of five blocks containing 18 units in all. After studying this course, you should be able to:

• Explain the nature of business organisation and identify various forms of organisation learn how business units are set up and financed
• Under the ways and means of marketing the goods
• Explain how aids-to-trade facilitate the business operations
• Evaluation the role of government in business

BLOCK 1 : Basic Concepts and Forms of Business Organisation

• Unit 1 : Nature and scope of Business
• Unit 2 : Forms of Business Organisation – I
• Unit 3 : Forms of Business Organisation – II
• Unit 4 : Business Promotion

BLOCK 2 : Financing of Business

• Unit 5 : Methods of Raising Finance
• Unit 6 : Long-term Financing and Underwriting,
• Unit 7 : Stock Exchanges

BLOCK 3: Marketing

• Unit 8 : Advertising
• Unit 9 : Advertising Media
• Unit 10 : Home Trade and Channels of Distribution
• Unit 11 : Wholesalers and Retailers
• Unit 12 : Procedure for Import and Export Trade

BLOCK 4: Business Services

• Unit 13 : Banking
• Unit 14 : Business Risk and Insurance
• Unit 15 : Transport and Warehousing

BLOCK 5: Government and Business

• Unit 16 : Government and Business
• Unit 17 : Forms of Organisation in Public Enterprises
• Unit 18 : Public Utilities

Computer Basics and PC Software (3 Credits)

Objectives:

• This is the first course in Computer Science for the BCA students; therefore, it deals with the basic concepts of computers. It discusses about the computer hardware, its components and basic computer architecture. The course also deals with the basic computer software including the operating system and its concepts. This course also highlights some of the open source software technologies. Finally, the course highlights the applications of computers that include web applications, social networking and wiki.

BLOCK 1: Basics of Computer Hardware

• Unit 1: Computer their Origin and Applications

A bit of history highlighting the concepts, Abacas, Difference Engine, Electromagnetic Computers, Discrete components, IC circuits, Current hardware Platforms, Description of current applications of computer highlighting role of computers, Limitations of Computers.

• Unit 2: Functioning of a Computer

Components of a computer and their role, Number system, Codes ASCII Unicode. Concept of Instruction – a simple example, Role of ALU and CU with the help of an example.

• Unit 3: Memory System

Type of memories and their characteristics, What is the need of memory hierarchy? Memory Hierarchy with examples of each level, Current trends in memory.

• Unit 4: I/O Devices and their Functions

I/O devices, Current trends in I/O

• Unit 5: My Personal Computer
• Explain the configuration of PC and its components in respect of identification of various components so that a student can relate all the terms discussed in Unit 1 to 4 to this configuration.

See: Studying BCA from IGNOU- A brief overview

BLOCK 2 : Basics of Computer Software

• Unit 1: Software Evolution

Different type of software and its evolution, System and application software, Utility software, Perverse software, Open Source software.

• Unit 2: Operating System Concepts

Need and Functions, Type of OS starting from Batch, Multi-programming and real time Network and distributed OS, Web OS, Examples of OS and their features.

• Unit 3: Concept of Programming Languages

Some basic constructs, Editors, Compilers and interpreters, Assemblers.

• Unit 4: Computer Applications

Concepts of Open Source Software, Philosophy – licensing, copyright. Project Management Software, Timesheet system, Office Applications, Word Processing – Creating a Memo for a number of people, Spreadsheet – Creating a sheet of Income & deduction and calculation of IT Database – a small application with data records, a form, a query and a report. Email – Sending mail to a number of people in a group.

BLOCK 3 : Internet Technologies

• Unit 1: Networking and Internet

Basic of Networking Concepts, Advantages of Networking, Basic model of Networks, Network Devices, TCP/IP, Web addresses, DNS, IP addresses.

• Unit 2: Web Applications I

Browsing, E-mail, Messenger/Chat

• Unit 3: Web Applications II

Blogging, E-Learning and wiki, Collaboration, Social Networking.

Basic Mathematics (4 Credits)

Objectives:

The primary objective of this course is to introduce students some of the mathematics through which they can develop some mathematical maturity, that is enhance their ability to understand and create mathematical arguments. The secondary objective of this course is to prepare students for mathematical oriented courses in computer science such as discrete mathematics, database theory, analysis of algorithms etc.

BLOCK-1: Algebra I

• Unit-1: Determinants

Determinants of order 2 and 3, properties of determinants; evaluation of determinants. Area of triangles using determinants, cramer’s rule.

• Unit-2: Matrices-1

Definition, equality, addition and multiplication of matrices. Adjoint and inverse of amatrix. Solution of a system of linear equations – homogeneous and nonhomogeneous.

• Unit-3: Matrices-2

Elementary row operations; rank of a matrix, reduction to normal form,Inverse of a matrix using elementary row operations.

• Unit-4: Mathematical Induction

Principle of mathematical induction 1 and 2.

BLOCK 2 : Algebra II

• Unit 1: Sequence and Series

Definition of sequence and series; A.P, G.P, H.P and A.G.P. ?n, ?n2 and ?n3 ,Idea of limit of a sequence.

• Unit 2: Complex Number

Complex number in the form of a+ib. Addition, multiplication, division of complex numbers. Conjugate and modulus of complex numbers. De Moivre’s Theorem.

• Unit 3: Equations

Quadratic, cubic and biquadratic equations. Relationship between roots and co-efficient. Symmetric functions of roots.

• Unit 4: Inequalities

Solution of linear and quadratic inequalities.

BLOCK 3: Calculus (Without Trigonometry)

• Unit 1: Differential Calculus

Concept of limit and continuity; differentiation of the sum, difference, product and quotient of two functions, chain rule. Differentiation of parametric functions. 2^nd order derivatives.

• Unit 2: Simple Application of Differential Calculus

Rate of change; monotoncity-increasing and decreasing; maxima and minima.

• Unit 3: Integration

Integration as an anti-derivative. Integration by substitution and by parts.

• Unit 4: Application of Integration

Finding area under a curve. Rectification.

BLOCK 4: Vectors and Three-Dimensional Geometry

• Unit 1: Vector-1

Vectors and scalars, magnitude and direction of a vector. Direction cosines/ratio of vectors. Addition of two vectors. Multiplication of a vector by a scalar. Position vector of a point and section formula.

• Unit 2: Vector-2

Scalar (Dot) product of vectors, Vector (Cross) product of vectors. Scalar triple product and vector triple product.

• Unit 3: Three & Dimensional Geometry-1

Introduction, Distance formula. Direction cosines/ratio of a line passing through two points. Equations of a line in different forms; angle between two lines; Coplanar and skew lines. Distance between skew lines.

• Unit 4: Linear Programming

Introduction, definition and related terminology such as constrains, objective function, optimization. Mathematical Formulation of LPP. Graphical method of solving LPP in two variables. Feasible and inferring solution (up to three non-trivial constraints).

Computer Basics and PC Software Lab (2 Credits)

Objectives:

The main objectives of PC Software Lab course are to familiarize with basic operations of:

• Operating systems such as Windows and Linux.
• Word Processor such as Open Office and MSWord.
• Workbook, worksheet, graphics and Spreadsheets.
• PowerPoint including animation and sounds.
• Address book, Spam and Filtering in E-mail.
• Browsing, Search, Discussion forum and Wiki’s.

Section 1 : Operating System

• Session 1 : Familiarization (Keyboard, Memory, I/O Port),
• Session 2 : Windows (2 Session)
• Session 3 : Linux (2 Session)

Section 2 : Word Processor (Open Office and MS Word)

• Session 1 : Basic Operations (Font selection, Justification, Spell check, Table, Indentation).
• Session 2 : Table of Contents, Track Changes and Commenting,
• Session 3 : Mail Merge, Printing, Practice session.

Section 3 : Spread Sheet (Concept of Worksheet, Workbook and Cell)

• Session 1 : Data entry, Data editing and Formula,
• Session 2 : Functioning,
• Session.3 : Graphics and Practice session.

Section 4 : PowerPoint

• Session 1 : Basics operation,
• Session 2 : Animation and Sounds.

Section 5 : E-mail

• Session 1 : Basic Operation,
• Session 2: Address Book, Spam and Filtering.

Section 6 : Browsing and Discussion Forum

• Session1 : Browsing and Search (2 Sessions),
• Session 3 : Discussion Forum, Wiki and Google Doc (3 Sessions).

Also See : Top Ten BCA Distance Learning Universities in India

Syllabus of IGNOU BCA Second Semester

Accountancy-I (4 Credits)

This course consists of five blocks containing 22 units in all. This course introduces you to the basic accounting concepts and framework. It also covers the preparation of accounts of nontrading and those from incomplete records. After studying this course, you should be able to:

• Understand the whole process of accounting;
• Work out the net result of business operations by preparing final accounts for both trading and non-trading concerns;

Appropriate special features of accounting fro consignments and joint ventures;

• Describe different methods of providing depreciation, and
• Explain the need for making provisions and various kinds of reserves.

BLOCK 1: Accounting Fundamentals

• Unit 1: Basic Concepts of Accounting
• Unit 2: The Accounting Process
• Unit 3: Cash Book and Bank Reconciliation
• Unit 4: Other Subsidiary Books
• Unit 5: Bills of Exchange

BLOCK 2: Final Accounts

• Unit 6: Concepts Relating to Final Accounts
• Unit 7: Final Accounts – I
• Unit 8: Final Accounts – II
• Unit 9: Errors and their Rectification

BLOCK 3: Consignment and Joint Ventures

• Unit 10: Consignments Accounts – I
• Unit 11: Consignments Accounts – II
• Unit 12: Consignments Accounts – III
• Unit 13: Joint Venture Accounts

BLOCK 4: Accounts from Incomplete Records

• Unit 14: Self Balancing System
• Unit 15: Accounting from Incomplete Records – I
• Unit 16: Accounting from Incomplete Records – II
• Unit 17: Accounting from Incomplete Records – III

BLOCK 5: Accounts of Non-trading Concerns, Depreciation, Provisions and Reserves

• Unit 18: Accounts of Non-trading Concerns – I
• Unit 19 : Accounts of Non-trading Concerns – II
• Unit 20 : Depreciation – I
• Unit 21 : Depreciation – II
• Unit 22 : Provisions and Reserves

Problem Solving and Programming (3 Credits)

Objectives

The course is aimed to develop problem-solving strategies, techniques and skills that can be applied to computers and problems in other areas which give students an introduction to computer and analytical skills to use in their subsequent course work and professional development. Emphasis of this course is to act as an introduction to the thinking world of computers, to help students develop the logic, ability to solve the problems efficiently using C programming. Knowledge in a programming language is prerequisite to the study of most of computer science courses. This knowledge area consists of those skills and concepts that are essential to problem solving and programming practice independent of the underlying paradigm. The student will learn various concepts and techniques for problem solving and will implement those ideas using C programs.

BLOCK 1: An Introduction to C

• Unit 1: Problem Solving

Problems Solving Techniques, Steps for Problem – Solving, Using Computer as a Problem-Solving Tool, Design of Algorithms, Definition, Features of Algorithm, Criteria to be followed by an Algorithm, Top Down Design, Analysis of Algorithm Efficiency, Analysis of Algorithm Complexity, Flowcharts, Basic Symbols used in Flowchart Design.

• Unit 2: Basics of C

What is a Program and what is a Programming Language? C Language, History of C, Salient Features of C, Structure of a C Program, A Simple C Program, Writing a C Program, Compiling a C Program, Link and Run the C Program, Run the C Program through the Menu, Run from an Executable File, Linker Errors, Logical and Runtime Errors, Diagrammatic Representation of Program, Execution Process.

• Unit 3: Variables and Constants

Character Set, Identifiers and Keywords, Rules for Forming Identifiers, Keywords, Data Types and Storage, Data Type Qualifiers, Variables, Declaring Variables, Initialising Variables, Constants, Types of Constants.

• Unit 4: Expressions and Operators

Assignment Statements, Arithmetic Operators, Relational Operators, Logical Operators, Comma and Conditional Operators, Type Cast Operator, Size of Operator, C Shorthand, Priority of Operators.

BLOCK 2: Control Statements, Arrays and Functions

• Unit 5: Decision and Loop Control Statements

Decision Control Statements, The if Statement, The switch Statement, Loop Control Statements, The while Loop, The do-while Statement, The for Loop, The Nested Loop, The Go to Statement, The Break Statement, The Continue Statement.

• Unit 6: Arrays

Array Declaration, Syntax of Array Declaration, Size Specification , Array Initialization, Initialization of Array Elements in the Declaration, Character Array Initialization, Subscript, Processing the Arrays, Multi-Dimensional Arrays, Multi Dimensional Array Declaration, Initialization of Two-Dimensional Arrays

• Unit 7: Strings

Declaration and Initialization of Strings, Display of Strings Using Different Formatting Techniques, Array of Strings, Built-in String Functions and Applications, Strlen Function, Strcpy Function, Strcmp Function, Strcat Function, Strlwr Function, Strrev Function, Strspn Function, Other String Functions.

• Unit 8: Functions

Definition of a Function, Declaration of a Function, Function Prototypes, The Return Statement, Types of Variables and Storage Classes, Automatic Variables, External Variables, Static Variables, Register Variables, Types of Function Invoking, Call by Value, Recursion.

BLOCK 3: Structures, Pointers and File Handling

• Unit 9: Structures and Unions

Declaration of Structures, Accessing the Members of a Structure, Initializing Structures, Structures as Function Arguments, Structures and Arrays, Unions, Initializing an Union, Accessing the Members of an Union.

• Unit 10: Pointers

Pointers and their Characteristics, Address and Indirection Operators, Pointer Type Declaration and Assignment, Pointer Arithmetic, Passing Pointers to Functions, A Function Returning More than One Value, Function Returning a Pointer, Arrays and Pointers, Array of Pointers, Pointers and Strings.

• Unit 11: The C Preprocessor

# define to Implement Constants, # define to Create Functional Macros, Reading from Other Files using # include ,Conditional Selection of Code using #ifdef, Using #ifdef for different computer types. Using #ifdef to temporarily remove program statements, Other Preprocessor Commands, Predefined Names Defined by Preprocessor, Macros Vs Functions.

• Unit 12: Files

File Handling in C Using File Pointers, Open a file using the function fopen ( ), Close a file using the function fclose ( ), Input and Output using file pointers, Character Input and Output in Files, String Input / Output Functions, Formatted Input / Output Functions, Block Input / Output Functions, Sequential Vs Random Access Files, Positioning the File Pointer, the Unbufferred I/O – The UNIX like File Routines.

Computer Organisation and Assembly Language Programming (4 Credits)

Objectives

In the modern era, Computer system is used in most aspects of life. You may use many different types of software on a computer system for particular applications ranging from simple document creation to space data processing. But, how does the Software is executed by the Computer Hardware? The answer to this basic question is contained in this Course. This course presents an overview of the Computer Organisation. After going through this course, you will not only acquire the conceptual framework of Computer Organisation and Architecture but also would be able to use the concepts in the domain of Personal Computers. In specific, you will be able to design digital circuits; describe the functions of various components of computers and their construction; and write simple assembly programs.

BLOCK 1: Introduction to Digital Circuits

• Unit 1: The Basic Computer

The von Neumann Architecture, Instruction Execution: An Example, Instruction Cycle Interrupts, Interrupts and Instruction Cycle, Computers: Then and Now, The Beginning, First Generation Computers, Second Generation Computers, Third Generation Computers, Later Generations.

• Unit 2: The Data Representation

Data Representation, Number Systems, Decimal Representation in Computers, Alphanumeric Representation, Data Representation for Computation, Error Detection and Correction Codes.

• Unit 3: Principles of Logic Circuits I

Logic Gates, Logic Circuits, Combinational Circuits, Canonical and Standard Forms, Minimization of Gates, Design of Combinational Circuits, Examples of Logic Combinational Circuits, Adders, Decoders, Multiplexer, Encoder, Programmable Logic Array, Read Only Memory ROM.

• Unit 4: Principles of Logic Circuits II

Sequential Circuits: The Definition, Flip Flops, Basic Flip-Flops, Excitation Tables, Master Slave Flip Flops, Edge Triggered Flip-flops, Sequential Circuit Design, Examples of Sequential Circuits, Registers, Counters – Asynchronous Counters, Synchronous Counters, RAM, Design of a Sample Counter.

BLOCK 2: Basic Computer Organisation

• Unit 1: The Memory System

The Memory Hierarchy, RAM, ROM, DRAM, Flash Memory, Secondary Memory and Characteristics, Hard Disk Drives, Optical Memories, CCDs, Bubble Memories, RAID and its Levels, The Concepts of High Speed Memories, Cache Memory, Cache Organisation, Memory Interleaving, Associative Memory, Virtual Memory, the Memory System of Micro-Computer.

• Unit 2: The Input/Output System

Input / Output Devices or External or Peripheral Devices, The Input Output Interface, the Device Controllers and its Structure, Device Drivers, Input Output Techniques, Programmed Input /Output, Interrupt-Driven Input /Output, Interrupt Processing, DMA (Direct Memory Access). Input Output Processors, External Communication Interfaces.

• Unit 3: Secondary Storage Techniques

Secondary Storage Systems , Hard Drives & Its Characteristics, Partitioning & Formatting: FAT, Inode, Drive Cache , Hard Drive Interface: IDE, SCSI, EIDE, Ultra DMA & ATA/66, Removable Drives, Floppy Drives, CD-ROM & DVDROM, Removable Storage Options, Zip, Jaz & Other Cartridge Drives, Recordable CDs & DVDs, CD-R vs CD-RW, Tape Backup.

• Unit 4: I/O Technology

Keyboard, Mouse , Video Cards, Monitors, Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD), Digital Camera, Sound Cards, Printers , Classification of Printers, Modems, Scanners, Scanning Tips, Power Supply, SMPS (Switched Mode Power Supply).

BLOCK 3: The Central Processing Unit

• Unit 1: Instruction Set Architecture

Instruction Set Characteristics, Instruction Set Design Considerations, Operand Data Types, Types of Instructions, Number of Addresses in an Instruction, Addressing Schemes, Types of Addressing Schemes, Immediate Addressing, Direct Addressing, Indirect Addressing, Register Addressing, Register Indirect Addressing, Indexed Addressing Scheme, Base Register Addressing, Relative Addressing Scheme, Stack Addressing, Instruction Set and Format Design Issues, Instruction Length, Allocation of Bits Among Opcode and Operand, Variable Length of Instructions, Example of Instruction Format.

• Unit 2: Registers, Micro-Operations and Instruction Execution

Basic CPU Structure, Register Organization, Programmer Visible Registers, Status and Control Registers, General Registers in a Processor, Micro-operation Concepts, Register Transfer Micro-operations, Arithmetic Micro-operations, Logic Microoperations, Shift Micro-operations, Instruction Execution and Micro-operations, Instruction Pipelining.

• Unit 3: ALU Organisation

ALU Organisation, A Simple ALU Organization, A Sample ALU Design, Arithmetic Processors.

• Unit 4: The Control Unit

The Control Unit, The Hardwired Control, Wilkes Control, The Micro-Programmed Control, The Micro-Instructions, Types of Micro-Instructions, Control Memory Organisation, Micro-Instruction Formats, The Execution of Micro-Program.

• Unit 5: Reduced Instruction Set Computer Architecture

Introduction to RISC, RISC Architecture, The Use of Large Register File, Comments on RISC, RISC Pipelining.

BLOCK 4: Assembly Language Programming

• Unit 1: Microprocessor Architecture

Microcomputer Architecture, Structure of 8086 CPU, Register Set of 8086, Instruction Set of 8086, Data Transfer Instructions, Arithmetic Instructions, Bit Manipulation Instructions, Program Execution Transfer Instructions, String Instructions, Processor Control Instructions, Addressing Modes, Register Addressing Mode, Immediate Addressing Mode, Direct Addressing Mode, Indirect Addressing Mode.

• Unit 2: Introduction to Assembly Language Programming

The Need and Use of the Assembly Language, Assembly Program Execution, An Assembly Program and its Components, The Program Annotation, Directives, Input Output in Assembly Program, Interrupts, DOS Function Calls (Using INT 21H), The Types of Assembly Programs, COM Programs, EXE Programs, How to Write Good Assembly Programs.

• Unit 3: Assembly Language Programming (Part – I)

Simple Assembly Programs, Data Transfer, Simple Arithmetic Application, Application Using Shift Operations, Larger of the Two Numbers, Programming With Loops and Comparisons, Simple Program Loops, Find the Largest and the Smallest Array Values, Character Coded Data, Code Conversion, Programming for Arithmetic and String Operations, String Processing, Some More Arithmetic Problems.

• Unit 4: Assembly Language Programming (Part – II)

Use of Arrays in Assembly, Modular Programming, The stack, FAR and NEAR Procedures, Parameter Passing in Procedures, External Procedures, Interfacing Assembly Language Routines to High Level Language, Programs, Simple Interfacing, Interfacing Subroutines With Parameter Passing, Interrupts, Device Drivers in Assembly.

Discrete Mathematics (2 Credits)

Objectives

Discrete mathematics, sometimes called finite mathematics, is the study of mathematical structure that are fundamentally discrete, in the sense of not supporting notion of continuity. A study of discrete sets has become more and more necessary because of many application of Computer Science and various areas of engineering. Regarding computer science concept from discrete mathematics are useful to study or express objects or problems in computer algorithm and programming languages. For instance, to improve the efficiency of a computer programs, we need to study its logical structure, which involves a finite number of steps each requiring a certain amount of time. Using the theory of combinatory and graph theory, major areas of discrete mathematics, we can do this. Therefore, a study of these areas would complement and improve the understanding of courses based on algorithm and problem solving.

This course is designed to give basic concepts of propositions, predicates, Boolean algebra, logic circuit, sets, relations, functions, combinatorics, partitions and distributions.

BLOCK 1: Elementary Logic

• Unit 1: Prepositional Calculus

Propositions, Logical Connectives, Disjunction, Conjunction, Negation, Conditional Connectives, Precedence Rule, Logical Equivalence, Logical Quantifiers.

• Unit 2: Methods of Proof

What is a Proof? Different Methods of Proof, Direct Proof, Indirect Proofs, Counter Examples, Principle of Induction.

• Unit 3: Boolean Algebra and Circuits

Boolean Algebras, Logic Circuits, Boolean Functions.

BLOCK 2: Basic Combinatorics

• Unit 1: Sets, Relations and Functions

Introducing Sets, Operations on Sets, Basic Operations, Properties Common to Logic and Sets Relations, Cartesian Product, Relations and their types, Properties of Relations, Functions, Functions, Operations on Functions.

• Unit 2: Combinatorics – An Introduction

Multiplication and Addition Principles, Permutations, Permutations of Objects not Necessarily Distinct, Circular Permutations, Combinations, Binomial Coefficients, Combinatorial Probability.

• Unit 3: Some More Counting Principles

Pigeonhole Principle, Inclusion-Exclusion Principle, Applications of Inclusion – Exclusion, Application to Surjective Functions, Application to Probability, Application to Derangements.

• Unit 4: Partitions and Distributions

Integer Partitions, Distributions, Distinguishable Objects into Distinguishable Containers, Distinguishable Objects into Indistinguishable Containers, Indistinguishable Objects into Distinguishable Containers, Indistinguishable Objects into Indistinguishable Containers.

Communication Skills (2 Credits)

Objectives

This course is aimed to develop the communication skills at the work place. In this course, we concentrate on English at the workplace. You are probably wondering whether business English (as it is also called) is a separate language to general English. Certainly not, business English is not a separate language. It is English used at the workplace using specific vocabulary, and in certain situations having a different discourse. Every profession uses a certain ‘jargon’ and the business context in no different. While Business English is firmly rooted in general English, nevertheless there are certain distinguishing features which are evident. In this course, you will learn some theoretical inputs into the process of communication, its different types, the difference between written and oral communication. We then concentrate on the structure of conversation – its characteristics and conventions, effectively speaking over the telephone, preparing Curriculum vitae for jobs and interviews, preparing and participating in the Group Discussions, presentation skills, making negotiations and many more.

BLOCK 1: Skills Needed at the Work Place-I

• Unit 1: The Process of Communication

Introduction: What is Communication? The Process of Communication, Barriers to Communication, Different Types of Communication, Written vs. Oral Communication, Different Types of Face-to-Face Interactions, Characteristics and Conventions of Conversation, Conversational Problems of Second/Foreign Language Users, Difference between Conversation and Other Speech Events.

• Unit 2: Telephone Techniques

Warm Up, Speaking and Listening: Commonly Used Phrases in Telephone Conversations, Reading: Conference Calls, Vocabulary, Writing and Listening: Leaving a Message, Grammar and Usage: The Perfect Tenses, Pronunciation: Contracted Forms.

• Unit 3: Job Applications and Interviews

Warm up, Reading, Vocabulary: Apply for a Job, Curriculum Vitae, Language Focus: Some Useful Words, Study Skills: Preparing for an Interview, Listening, Speaking, Writing.

• Unit 4: Group Discussions

Reading, Writing Skills, Listening: How to be Successful in a Group Discussion, Study Skills, Language Focus, Vocabulary, Speaking, Grammar: Connectives, Pronunciation.

• Unit 5: Managing Organisational Structure

Warm Up: Ability to Influence and Lead, Reading: The Role of a Manager, Vocabulary: Leadership, Speaking and Listening, Language Focus: Degree of Probability, Grammar: Modals, Writing: Reports, Pronunciation.

• Unit 6: Meetings

Reading: A Successful Meeting, Speaking: One to One Meetings, Language Focus: Opening, Middle and Close, Study Skills: Editing, Listening: Criteria for Successful Meetings, Vocabulary, Grammar: Reporting Verbs, Writing: Memos, Pronunciation: Stress According to Part of Speech.

• Unit 7: Taking Notes and Preparing Minutes

Taking Notes, The Note-taking Skill: The Essential Components, The Note-taking Skill: An Example Preparing Minutes, Format of Minutes, Language and Style of Minutes, Grammar: Using the Passive Voice.

• Unit 8: Presentation Skills-I

Reading: Presentation Skills, Grammar: Verbs often required in Presentations,

• Language Focus, Listening: Importance of Body Language in Presentations, Speaking: Preparing an Outline of a Presentation, Pronunciation.
• Unit 9: Presentation Skills-II

Reading: Structure of Presentation, Study Skills: Visual Aids, Ending the Presentation. Language Focus: Talking about Increase and Decrease, Grammar: Prepositions, Listening: Podium Panic, Speaking, Pronunciation: Emphasizing the Important Words in Context.

• Unit 10: Negotiation Skills

Language Focus: Idiomatic Expressions, Study Skills: Process of Negotiations, Grammar: Phrasal Verbs, Listening: Effective Negotiations, Speaking, Writing.

C Language Programming Lab (Lab Course) (1 Credit)

Objectives

This lab course is completely based on MCS-011 .The basic objective of the course is to provide the hands on experience on C Programming and improve the practical skill set. Also to apply all the concepts that has been covered in the theory course MCS-011. The learner will try to apply the alternate ways to provide the solution to a given problem. The learner will be able to develop the logic for the given problem, recognize and understand the syntax and construction of C code, gains experience of C , know the steps involved in compiling, linking and debugging C code, feel more confident about writing the C functions, write some complex programs.

Syllabus

Section 1 : C Programming Lab

• Salient Features of C
• C Programming Using Borland Compiler
• Using C with UNIX
• Running C Programs using MS Visual C++
• Program Development Life Cycle
• List of Lab Assignments – Session wise

Assembly Language Programming Lab (Lab Course) (1 Credit)

Objectives

This lab course is completely based on MCS-012.The basic objective of the course is to provide the hands on experience on Assembly language programming and improve the practical skill set. Also to apply all the concepts that have been covered in the theory course MCS-012. The learner will try to apply the alternate ways to provide the solution to a given problem. The learner will be able to develop the logic for the given problem, recognize and understand the syntax and construction of Assembly language code, gains experience of Assembly language programming, know the steps involved in compiling, linking and debugging Assembly language Program.

Syllabus

Section 1: Digital Logic Circuits

• Logic Gates Circuit Simulation Program
• Making a Logic Circuit Using Logic
• A Revisit of Steps of Logic Circuit Design
• Session-wise problem

Section 2 Assembly Language Programming

• Assemblers

• Turbo Assembler (TASM)
• MASM
• Emu 8086
• The DEBUG Program

• Assembly Programming File
• Session-wise List of Programs

Syllabus of IGNOU BCA Third Semester

Systems Analysis and Design (3 Credits)

Objectives

The objectives of the course include the enabling of learner to identify the Software projects in an organization after studying various functionalities in the organization. Also, they should be able to structure various requirements, do the design and select the best method to develop the system. They should be able to implement and maintain the system. The learners should also get acquainted with different quality standards as well as learn about Management Information Systems.

Syllabus BLOCK 1: Introduction to Systems Development

• Unit 1: Introduction to SAD

Fundamentals of System, Important Terms related to Systems, Classification of Systems, Real Life Business Subsystems, Real Time Systems, Distributed Systems, Development of a successful System, Various Approaches for development of Information Systems. Structured Analysis and Design Approach, Prototype, Joint Application Development.

• Unit 2: Systems Analyst-A Profession

Why do Businesses need Systems Analysts? Users, Analysts in various functional areas, Systems Analyst in Traditional Business, Systems Analyst in Modern Business, Role of a Systems Analyst Duties of a Systems Analyst, Qualifications of a Systems Analyst, Analytical Skills, Technical Skills, Management Skills, Interpersonal Skills.

• Unit 3: Process of System Development

Systems Development Life Cycle, Phases of SDLC, Project Identification and Selection, Project Initiation and planning, Analysis, Logical Design, Physical Design, Implementation, Maintenance, Product of SDLC Phases, Approaches to Development, Prototyping, Joint Application Design, Participatory Design, Case Study.

• Unit 4: Introduction to Documentation of Systems

Concepts and process of Documentation, Types of Documentation, System Requirements Specification, System Design Specification, Test Design Document, User Manual, Different Standard for Documentation, Documentation and Quality of Software, Good Practices for Documentation.

BLOCK 2: Planning and Designing Systems

• Unit 5: Process of System Planning

Fact finding Techniques, Interviews, Group Discussion, Site Visits, Presentations, Questionnaires, Issues involved in Feasibility Study, Technical Feasibility, Operational Feasibility, Economic Feasibility, Legal Feasibility, Cost Benefit Analysis, Preparing Schedule, Gathering Requirements of System, Joint Application Development, Prototyping.

• Unit 6: Modular and Structured Design

Design Principles, Top Down Design, Bottom Up Design, Structure Charts, Modularity, Goals of Design, Coupling, Cohesion.

• Unit 7: System Design and Modelling

Logical and Physical Design, Process Modeling, Data Flow Diagrams, Data Modeling, E-R Diagrams, Process Specification Tools, Decision Tables, Decision Trees, Notation Structured English, Data Dictionary.

BLOCK 3: More Design Issues and CASE Tools

• Unit 8: Forms and Reports Design

Forms, Importance of Forms, Reports, Importance of Reports, Differences between Forms and Reports, Process of Designing Forms and Reports, Deliverables and Outcomes, Design Specifications, Narrative Overviews, Sample Design, Testing and Usability Assessment, Types of Information, Internal Information, External Information, Turnaround Document, General Formatting Guidelines, Meaningful Titles, Meaningful Information, Balanced Layout, Easy Navigation, Guidelines for Displaying Contents, Highlight Information, Using Colour, Displaying Text, Designing Tables and Lists, Criteria for Form Design, Organization, Consistency, Completeness, Flexible Entry, Economy, Criteria for Report Design, Relevance, Accuracy, Clarity, Timeliness, Cost.

• Unit 9: Physical File Design and Database Design

Introduction to Database design, Flat files vs. Database, Steps in Database Design, ER model to Database Design, Inputs to Physical Database Design, Guidelines for Database Design, Design of Data Base Fields, Types of Fields, Rules for Naming Tables and Fields, Design of Physical Records, Design of Physical Files, Types ofFiles, File Organization, Design of Database, Case Study.

• Unit 10: CASE Tools for Systems Development

Use of CASE tools by organizations, Definition of CASE Tools, Use of CASE tools by Organizations, Role of CASE Tools, Advantages of CASE Tools, Disadvantages of CASE Tools, Components of CASE, Types of CASE Tools, Classification of CASE Tools, Reverse and Forward Engineering, Visual and Emerging CASE tools, Traditional systems development and CASE based systems development, CASE environment, Emerging CASE Tools, Objected oriented CASE tools, Creating documentation and reports using CASE tools, Creating and executable prototype using Object Oriented CASE tools, Sequence Diagrams.

BLOCK 4: Implementation and Security of Systems & MIS

• Unit 11: Implementation and Maintenance of Systems

Implementation of Systems, Conducting System Tests, Preparing Conversion Plan, Installing Databases, Training the end users, Preparation of User Manual, Converting to the new System, Maintenance of Systems, Different Maintenance activities, Issues involved in Maintenance.

• Unit 12: Audit and Security of Computer Systems

Definition of Audit, Objectives of Audit, Responsibility and Authority of the System Auditor, Confidentiality, Audit Planning, Audit of Transactions on Computer, Transaction Audit, Audit of Computer Security, Audit of Application, Benefits of Audit, Computer Assisted Audit Techniques, Audit Software, Test Data, Audit Expert Systems, Audit Trail, Computer System and Security issues, Analysis of Threats and Risks, Recovering from Disasters, Planning the contingencies, Viruses, Concurrent Audit Techniques, Need for Concurrent Audit, Techniques, An Integrated Test Facility, Techniques, The Snapshot Techniques, SCARF, Continuous and Intermittent, Simulation Technique.

• Unit 13: Management Information Systems

Role of MIS in an organization, Different kinds of Information Systems, Transaction Processing System, Management Information System, Decision Support System, Expert System.

Data and File Structures (4 Credits)

Objectives

The learner should be well versed with the fundamentals of Algorithms, learn various data structures, should be able to use them appropriately as per need during development of programs. Also, the learner should know different sorting and searching techniques so that correct Technique can be used in different programs so that the complexity of the program does not increase due the sorting/ search technique employed. The learner should have the knowledge about file structures and finally, s/he should also know the concepts of advanced data structures.

Syllabus

BLOCK 1: Introduction to Algorithms and Data Structures

• Unit 1: Analysis of Algorithms

Mathematical Background, Process of Analysis, Calculation of Storage Complexity, Calculation of Run Time Complexity.

• Unit 2: Arrays

Arrays and Pointers, Sparse Matrices, Polynomials, Representation of Arrays, Row Major Representation, Column Major Representation, Applications.

• Unit 3: Lists

Abstract Data Type-List, Array Implementation of Lists, Linked ListsImplementation, Doubly Linked Lists-Implementation, Circularly Linked Lists Implementation, Applications.

BLOCK-2: Stacks, Queues and Trees

• Unit 4: Stacks

Abstract Data Type-Stack, Implementation of Stack, Implementation of Stack using Arrays, Implementation of Stack using Linked Lists, Algorithmic Implementation of Multiple Stacks, Applications.

• Unit 5: Queues

Abstract Data Type-Queue, Implementation of Queue, Array Implementation, Linked List Implementation, Implementation of Multiple Queues, Implementation of Circular Queues, Array Implementation, Linked List Implementation of a circular queue, Implementation of DEQUEUE, Array Implementation of a dequeue, Linked List Implementation of a dequeue.

• Unit 6: Trees

Abstract Data Type-Tree, Implementation of Tree, Tree Traversals, Binary Trees, Implementation of Binary Tree, Binary Tree Traversals, Recursive Implementation of Binary Tree Traversals, Non Recursive Implementations of Binary Tree Traversals, Applications.

BLOCK 3 : Graph Algorithms and Searching Techniques

• Unit 7: Advanced Trees

Binary Search Trees, Traversing a Binary Search Trees, Insertion of a node into a Binary Search Tree, Deletion of a node from a Binary Search Tree, AVL Trees, Insertion of a node into an AVL Tree, Deletion of a node from and AVL Tree, AVL tree rotations, Applications of AVL Trees, B-Trees, Operations on B-Trees , Applications of B-Trees.

• Unit 8: Graphs

Definitions, Shortest Path Algorithms, Dijkstra’s Algorithm, Graphs with Negative Edge costs, Acyclic Graphs, All Pairs Shortest Paths Algorithm, Minimum cost Spanning Trees, Kruskal’s Algorithm, Prims’s Algorithm, Applications, Breadth First Search, Depth First Search, Finding Strongly Connected Components.

• Unit 9: Searching

Linear Search, Binary Search, Applications.

BLOCK 4 : File Structures and Advanced Data Structures

• Unit 10: Sorting

Internal Sorting, Insertion Sort, Bubble Sort, Quick Sort, 2-way Merge Sot, Heap Sort, Sorting on Several Keys.

• Unit 11: Advanced Data Structures

Splay Trees, Splaying steps, Splaying Algorithm, Red-Black trees, Properties of a Red Black tree, Insertion into a Red-Black tree, Deletion from a Red-Black tree, AATrees.

• Unit 12: File Structures

Terminology, File Organisation, Sequential Files, Structure, Operations, Disadvantages, Areas of use, Direct File Organisation, Indexed Sequential File Organisation.

Introduction to Database Management Systems (3 Credits)

Objectives

Database systems are pervasive. They are present in every segment of commercial, academic and virtual world. They are required as the backbone of any information system, enterprise resource planning, research activities and other activity that require permanence of data storage. This course provides the basic introduction to database system technologies; and concurrency, security and recovery issues of database management systems.

This course also provides the basic conceptual background necessary to design and develop

simple database systems. The major focus in this course is the Relational database model; however, it also discusses about the ER model and distributed databases. This course enables you to write good queries using a standard query language called SQL.

Syllabus

BLOCK 1 : The Database Management System Concepts

• Unit 1: The Basic Concepts

Need for a Database Management System, The file based system, Limitations of file based system, The Database Approach, The Logical DBMS Architecture, Three level architecture of DBMS or logical DBMS architecture, Mappings between levels and data independence, The need for three level architecture, Physical DBMS Architecture, DML Precompiler, DDL Compiler, File Manager, Database Manager,Query Processor, Database Administrator, Data files indices and Data Dictionary, Commercial Database Architecture, Data Models.

• Unit 2: Relational and ER Models

The Relational Model, Domains, Attributes, Tuple and Relation, Super keys Candidate keys and Primary keys for the Relations, Relational Constraints, Domain Constraint, Key Constraint, Integrity Constraint, Update Operations and Dealing with Constraint Violations, Relational Algebra, Basic Set Operation, Cartesian Product, Relational Operations, Entity Relationship (ER) Model, Entities, Attributes, Relationships, More about Entities and Relationships, Defining Relationship for College Database, E-R Diagram, Conversion of E-R Diagram to Relational Database.

• Unit 3: Database Integrity and Normalisation

Relational Database Integrity, The Keys, Referential Integrity, Entity Integrity,Redundancy and Associated Problems, Single-Valued Dependencies, Single-Valued Normalisation, The First Normal Form, The Second Normal Form, The Third Normal Form, Boyce Codd Normal Form, Desirable Properties of Decomposition, Attribute Preservation, Lossless-join Decomposition, Dependency Preservation, Lack of redundancy, Rules of Data Normalisation, Eliminate Repeating Groups, Eliminate Redundant Data, Eliminate Columns Not Dependent on Key.

• Unit 4: File Organisation in DBMS

Physical Database Design Issues, Storage of Database on Hard Disks, File Organisation and Its Types, Heap files (Unordered files), Sequential File Organisation, Indexed (Indexed Sequential) File Organisation, Hashed File Organisation, Types of Indexes, Index and Tree Structure, Multi-key File Organisation, Need for Multiple Access Paths, Multi-list File Organisation, Inverted File Organisation, Importance of File Organisation in Databases..

BLOCK 2: Structured Query Language and Transaction Management

• Unit 1: The Structures Query Language

What is SQL? Data Definition Language, Data Manipulation Language, Data Control, Database Objects: Views, Sequences, Indexes and Synonyms, Table Handling, Nested Queries.

• Unit 2: Transactions and Concurrency Management

The Transactions, The Concurrent Transactions, The Locking Protocol, Serialisable Schedules, Locks. Two Phase Locking (2PL), Deadlock and its Prevention, Optimistic Concurrency Control.

• Unit 3: Database Recovery and Security

What is Recovery? Kinds of failures, Failure controlling methods, Database errors, Recovery Techniques, Security & Integrity, Relationship between Security and Integrity, Difference between Operating System and Database Security, Authorization.

• Unit 4: Distributed and Client Server Databases

Need for Distributed Database Systems, Structure of Distributed Database, Advantages and Disadvantages of DDBMS, Advantages of Data Distribution, Disadvantages of Data Distribution, Design of Distributed Databases, Data Replication, Data Fragmentation, Client Server Databases, Emergence of Client Server Architecture, Need for Client Server Computing, Structure of Client Server Systems, Advantages of Client Server Systems.

BLOCK 3: Application Development: Development of a Hospital Management System

• Need to Develop the Hospital Management System (An HMS), Creating a Database for HMS, Developing Front End Forms, Reports, Using Queries and Record set.

BLOCK 4: Study Centre Management System: A Case Study

• Software Development Process: Analysis, System Designing, Issues relating to Software Development, Testing and Maintenance.

Programming in C++ (3 Credits)

Objectives:

The object oriented programming paradigm is one of the popular programming paradigms of today. Due to its characteristics object orientation has added new dimensions in the software development process. In this course concept of Object Oriented Programming (OOP) is introduced and for this purpose C++ programming language is being used. C++ a very powerful general purpose programming language, which supports object oriented programming paradigm.

This course covers basics of C++ programming language which includes data types, variables, operators, and array and pointers. Also object oriented features such as class and objects, inheritance, polymorphism are covered in this course. Finally exceptions handling, I/O operations and STL are explained.

BLOCK 1: Basics of Object Oriented Programming & C++

• Unit 1: Object Oriented Programming

Structured vs. Object Oriented Programming, Object Oriented Programming Concepts, Benefits of Object oriented programming, Object Oriented Languages.

• Unit 2: Introduction to C++

Genesis of C++, Structure of a C++ program, Data Types, Operators and Control Structures.

• Unit 3: Objects and Classes

Classification, Defining Classes, Encapsulation, Instantiating Objects, Member Functions, Accessibility labels, Static Members.

• Unit 4: Constructors and Destructors

Purpose of Constructors, Default Constructor, Parameterized Constructors, Copy Constructor, Destructor, Memory Management.

BLOCK 2: Inheritance and Polymorphism in C++

• Unit 1: Inheritance

Concept of Reusability, Types of Inheritance, Single and Multiple Inheritance, Multilevel Inheritance.

• Unit 2: Operator Overloading

Function and Operator Overloading, Overloading Unary and Binary Operators.

• Unit 3: Polymorphism and Virtual Function

Abstract Class, Function Overriding, Dynamic Binding, Pure Virtual Functions.

BLOCK 3: Advanced Features of C++

• Unit 1: Streams and Files

Stream Classes, Types of I/O, Formatting Outputs, File Pointers, Buffer.

• Unit 2: Templates and STL

Function and Class Templates, Use of Templates, Standard Template Library.

• Unit 3: Exception Handling

Exceptions in C++ Programs, Try and Catch Expressions, Exceptions with arguments.

• Unit 4: Case Study

A Case Study to implement a real world problem.

C++ Programming Lab (1 Credit)

Objectives:

Objective of this course is to provide hands on experience to the learners in C++ programming. Learners will write program in C++ based on concepts learned in C++ programming course. In this course programming to be done for implementation of OO features such as class, objects, inheritance, polymorphism.

Syllabus and Sessions Allocation:

• Session1: Basics of C++, data type, I/O, Control Structures etc., Session 2: Class and Objects, function calling, Session 3: Constructor and Destructor, Session 4: Inheritance, Session 5: Operator Overloading, Session 6: Polymorphism, Session 7: Template class and function, Session 8: I/O and streaming,Session9: Exception Handling, Session10: STL.

Data and File Structures Lab (1 Credit)

Objectives:

This lab is based on the courses MCS-021. This lab course involves the development of the practical skills in Data structures using C programming, Theoretical aspects were already covered in the respective theory courses.This course is an attempt to upgrade and enhance your theoretical skills and provide the hands on experience. By the end of these practical sessions of this course, you will be able to write programs using basic data structures such as Arrays etc. as well as advanced data structures such as trees etc.

Syllabus

SECTION 1: Data and File Structures Lab Manual

• Arrays
• Structures
• Linked Lists
• Stacks
• Queues
• Trees
• Advanced Trees
• Graphs
• Searching
• Sorting

DBMS Lab (1 Credit)

Objectives: This lab is based on the courses MCS-023,. This lab course involves the development of the practical skills in DBMS using MS-Access , Theoretical aspects were already covered in the respective theory courses. This course is an attempt to upgrade and enhance your theoretical skills and provide the hands on experience. By the end of these practical sessions of this course, you will be able to create databases and use DBMS Tools in the areas of Database applications.

Syllabus

SECTION 1: DBMS Lab

• Introduction to MS-Access
• Database Creation
• Use of DBMS Tools/Client-Server Mode
• Forms and Procedures

Syllabus of IGNOU BCA Forth Semester

Statistical Techniques (4 Credits)

BLOCK 1: Statistics and Probability

• Unit 1: Descriptive Statistics

Collecting Data, Kinds of Data, Frequency Distribution of a Variable, Graphical Representation of Frequency Distribution, Summarisation of Data, Measures of Central Tendency, Measures of Dispersion or Variability.

• Unit 2: Probability Concepts

Preliminaries, Trials, Sample Space, Events, Algebra of Events, Probability Concepts, Probability of an Event, Probability of Compound Events, Conditional Probability and Independent Events.

• Unit 3: Probability Distributions

Random Variable, Discrete Random Variable, Continuous Random Variable, Binomial Distribution, Poisson Distribution, Uniform Distribution, Normal Distribution.

BLOCK 2: Statistical Inference

• Unit 4: Sampling Distributions

Population and Samples, What is a Sampling Distribution, t-distribution, Chi-Square distribution F-distribution.

• Unit 5: Estimation

Point Estimation, Criteria For a Good Estimator, Interval Estimation, Confidence Interval for Mean with Known Variance, Confidence Interval for Mean with Known Variance, Confidence Interval for Proportion.

• Unit 6: Tests of Significance

Some Basic Concepts, Tests About the Mean, Difference in the Means of Two Populations Test About the Variance.

• Unit 7: Applications of Chi-Square in Problems with Categorical Data

Goodness-of-fit, Test of Independence.

BLOCK 3: Applies Statistical Methods

• Unit 8: Analysis of Variance: One-Way Classification

Analysis of Variance: Basic Concepts, Source of Variance, One-Way Classification Model for One-Way Classification, Test Procedure, Sums of Squares, Preparation of ANOVA Table, Pairwise Comparisons, Unbalanced Data, Random Effects Model.

• Unit 9: Regression Analysis

Simple Linear Regression, Measures of Goodness of Fit, Multiple Linear Regression, Preliminaries, Regression with Two Independent Variables.

• Unit 10: Forecasting and Time Series Analysis

Forecasting, Time Series and Their Components, Long-term Trend, Seasonal Variations, Cyclic Variations, Random Variations/Irregular Fluctuations, Forecasting Models, the Additive Model, the Multiplicative Model, Forecasting Long-term Trends, The Methods of Least Squares, the Methods of Moving Averages, Exponential Smoothing.

• Unit 11: Statistical Quality Control

Concept of Quality, Nature of Quality Control, Statistical Process Control, Concepts of Variation, Control Charts, Control Charts For Variables, Process Capability Analysis, Control Charts For Attributes, Acceptance Sampling, Sampling Plan Concepts, Single Sampling Plans.

BLOCK 4: Sampling

• Unit 12: Simple Random Sampling and Systematic Sampling
• Sampling- What and Why? Preliminaries, Simple Random Sampling, Estimation of Population Parameters Systematic Sampling, Linear Systematic Sampling, Circular Systematic Sampling, Advantages and, Limitations of Systematic Sampling.
• Unit 13: Stratified Sampling
• Stratified Sampling, Preliminaries, Advantages, Estimation of population parameters, Allocation of sample size, Construction of strata, Post-Stratification.
• Unit 14: Cluster Sampling and Multistage Sampling
• Cluster Sampling, Preliminaries, Estimation of population mean, Efficiency of cluster sampling Multistage sampling, Preliminaries, Estimation of mean in two stage sampling.

Object Oriented Technologies and Java Programming (3 Credits)

Objectives:

Today almost every branch of computer science is feeling presence of object- orientation. Object oriented technology is successfully incorporated in various fields of computer science. Since its arrival on the scene in 1995, the Java has been accepted as one of the primary programming language.

This course is designed to give you exposure to basic concepts of object-oriented technology. This course will help in learning to write programs in Java using object-oriented paradigm. Approach in this course is to take Java as a language that is used as a primary tool in many different areas of programming work.

Syllabus

BLOCK 1: Object Oriented Technology and Java

• Unit 1: Object Oriented Methodology-1

Paradigms of Programming Languages, Evolution of OO Methodology, Basic Concepts of OO Approach, Comparison of Object Oriented and Procedure Oriented Approaches, Benefits of OOPs, Introduction to Common OO Language, Applications of OOPs.

• Unit 2: Object Oriented Methodology-2

Classes and Objects, Abstraction and Encapsulation, Inheritance, Method Overriding and Polymorphism.

• Unit 3: Java Language Basics

Introduction To Java, Basic Features, Java Virtual Machine Concepts, A Simple Java Program, Primitive Data Type And Variables, Java Keywords, Integer and Floating Point Data Type, Character and Boolean Types, Declaring and Initialization Variables, Java Operators.

• Unit 4: Expressions, Statements and Arrays

Expressions, Statements, Control Statements, Selection Statements, Iterative Statements, Jump Statements, Arrays.

BLOCK 2: Object Oriented Concepts and Exceptions Handling

• Unit 1: Class and Objects

Class Fundamentals, Creating objects, Assigning object reference variables, Introducing Methods, Static methods, Constructors, Overloading constructors, This Keyword, Using Objects as Parameters, Argument passing, Returning objects, Method Overloading, Garbage Collection, The Finalize ( ) Method.

• Unit 2: Inheritance and Polymorphism

Inheritance Basics, Access Control, Multilevel Inheritance, Method Overriding, Abstract Classes, Polymorphism, Final Keyword.

• Unit 3: Packages and Interfaces

Package, Defining Package, CLASSPATH, Package naming, Accessibility of Packages, Using Package Members, Interfaces, Implementing Interfaces, Interface and Abstract Classes, Extends and Implements Together.

• Unit 4: Exceptions Handling

Exception, Handling of Exception, Using try-catch, Catching Multiple Exceptions, Using finally clause, Types of Exceptions, Throwing Exceptions, Writing Exception Subclasses.

BLOCK 3: Multithreading, I/O and String Handling

• Unit 1: Multithreaded Programming

Multithreading: An Introduction, The Main Thread, Java Thread Model, Thread Priorities, Synchronization in Java, Interthread Communication.

• Unit 2: I/O in Java

I/O Basics, Streams and Stream Classes, Byte Stream Classes, Character Stream Classes, The Predefined Streams, Reading from, and Writing to, Console, Reading and Writing Files, The Transient and Volatile Modifiers, Using Instance of Native Methods.

• Unit 3: Strings and Characters

Fundamentals of Characters and Strings, The String Class, String Operations, Data Conversion using Value Of ( ) Methods, String Buffer Class and Methods.

• Unit 4: Exploring Java I/O

Java I/O Classes and Interfaces, I/O Stream Classes, Input and Output Stream, Input Stream and Output Stream Hierarchy, Text Streams, Stream Tokenizer, Serialization, Buffered Stream, Print Stream, Random Access File.

BLOCK 4: Applets Programming and Advance Java Concepts

• Unit 1: Applets

The Applet Class, Applet Architecture, An Applet Skeleton: Initialization and Termination, Handling Events, HTML Applet Tag.

• Unit 2: Graphics and User Interfaces

Graphics Contexts and Graphics Objects, Color Control, Fonts, Coordinate System, User Interface Components, Building User Interface with AWT, Swing-based GUI, Layouts and Layout Manager, Container.

• Unit 3: Networking Features

Socket Overview, Reserved Parts and Proxy Servers, Internet Addressing: Domain Naming Services (DNS), JAVA and the net: URL, TCP/IP Sockets, Datagrams.

• Unit 4: Advance Java

Java Database Connectivity, Establishing A Connection, Transactions with Database, An Overview of RMI Applications, Remote Classes and Interfaces, RMI Architecture, RMI Object Hierarchy, Security, Java Servlets, Servlet Life Cycle, Get and Post Methods, Session Handling, Java Beans.

Fundamental of Computer Networks (4 Credits)

Objectives:

This course introduces the basics of data communication and networking. Students will develop an understanding of the general principles of data communication and networking as used in networks. It also includes an activity of setting up a small local area network. The goal of this course is that the student will develop an understanding of the structure of network, its elements and how these elements operate and communicate with each other.

BLOCK 1: Concepts of Communication and Networking

• Unit 1: Basics of Data Communication

Concept of communication system, Analog and Digital Communication, Data communication modes, Synchronous and asynchronous transmission, Simplex, half duplex, full duplex communication, Networking Protocols and Standards, Layering, OSI reference model, encapsulation, End-to-end argument. Protocol design issues, Applications.

• Unit 2: Modulation and Encoding

Analog Modulation (AM, FM, PM), AM Demodulation (one technique only), Advantages and Disadvantages of each., Analog to Digital (Digitization), Sampling, Quantization, Digital to Analog, Digital Modulation (ASK, FSK, PSK, QPSK).

• Unit 3: Multiplexing and Switching

Concept, FDM, TDM, SDM, Multiplexing Applications, Circuit and Packet Switching.

• Unit 4: Communication Mediums

Digital data transmission, Serial and Parallel Transmission, Guided and Unguided mediums, Wireless Communication, Coaxial Cables, Twisted Pair Cables, Fiber Optic Cables, Connectors.

BLOCK 2: Networks and Devices

• Unit 1: Network Classifications and Topologies

Network Concept, LAN overview, LAN Topologies, LAN access methods, Network Types based on size like PAN, LAN, MAN, WAN, Functional Classification of Networks, Peer to Peer, Client Server. Wide Area Network, WAN Topologies, WAN Access Methods.

• Unit 2: OSI and TCP/IP Models

Introduction of OSI Model, Need of such Models, Basic functions of each OSI layer, Introduction to TCP/IP, Comparisons with TCP/IP layers. (At the beginner’s level).

• Unit 3: Physical and Data link Layer

Error detection and correction, CRC, Framing, Retransmission strategies, Multiaccess communication, CSMA/CD, Ethernet, Addressing, ARP and RARP.

• Unit 4: Internetworking Devices

Network Interface Cards, Modems, Repeaters, Hubs, Bridges, Switch (L2 and L3 differences) and gateways.

BLOCK 3: Network, Transport and Application Layer

• Unit 1: Network layer

Circuit and packet switching, Routing, Congestion control, Routing protocols: distance vector vs link-state routing, DV problems, Network Addressing, Forwarding, Fragmentation, Error Messaging Services.

• Unit 2: Transport layer

Addressing and multiplexing, Flow control, congestion control, data transport, Port numbers, service models, Intro to reliability, QoS.

• Unit 3: Application Layer

DNS, Remote Logging, File transfer, Network Management, client-server applications, WWW, E-mail, MIME.

• Unit 4: Network Applications

Internet Applications like emails, chatting, social networking, Rail Reservations, Information Sharing, e-governance, Online Processing and Collaborations, etc., Mobile Applications.

BLOCK 4: Network Design and Security

• Unit 1: Building a Simple Network

Examples of designing the developing small networks, Structure Cabling, Integrating home computers and devices, creating a small Networking.

• Unit 2: Introduction to Network Architectures

X.25, Frame relay, Telephone network, ATM network, ISP, IPv4 and IPv6 overview

• Unit 3: Introduction to Wireless and Mobile Networks

Introduction to wireless communication systems, modern wireless communication systems and generations, Introduction to cellular mobile systems, CDMA, cellular system design fundamentals.

• Unit 4: Network Security

Introduction to computer security, Security services, Authentication and Privacy, Block and Stream Ciphers, Public and Private key Cryptography, Introduction to RSA, MD5 and DES at the beginner’s level.

Analysis and Design of Algorithms (2 Credits)

Objectives:

To learn about properties of algorithm and how to design an algorithm, discuss asymptotic notations, Design and measure time complexity analysis of searching, sorting and Graph traversal algorithms. Make comparison of different type of algorithm likes Linear, Quadratic, Polynomial and Exponential, Describe how greedy approach facilitate solving the problem. Discuss Divide and Conquer approach for solving the problem.

BLOCK 1: Introduction to Algorithm

• Unit 1: Basics of an Algorithm

Definition and Example of an algorithm, Characteristics of an algorithm, Steps in Designing of Algorithms, Growth of function, Recurrence, Problem Formulation (Tower of Hanoi), Substitution Method, Iteration Method, Master Method.

• Unit 2: Asymptotic Bounds

Asymptotic Notations, Concept of efficiency of analysis of an algorithm Comparative efficiencies of algorithms: Linear, Quadratic, Polynomial and Exponential.

• Unit 3: Analysis of simple Algorithms

Euclid’s algorithm for GCD, Horner’s Rule for polynomial evaluation, Simple Matrix (n x n) Multiplication, Exponent evaluation e.g. an, Searching, Linear Search, Sorting, Bubble sort, Insertion Sort, Selection sort.

BLOCK 2: Design Techniques

• Unit 1: Greedy Technique

Elements of Greedy strategy, Activity Selection Problem, Continuous Knapsack Problem, Coin changing Problem, More Examples.

• Unit 2: Divide and Conquer Approach

General Issues in Divide and Conquer, Binary Search, Merge Sort, Quick Sort, Integer Multiplication, More Examples.

• Unit 3: Graph Algorithm

Representation of Graphs, Adjacency Matrix, Adjacency List, Depth First Search and Examples, Breadth First Search and Examples.

Internet Concepts and Web Design (Lab Course) (2 Credits)

Objectives:

The main objective of the course is to introduce the whole range of web technologies starting from HTML, DHTML, Java Script, VBScript, and Dreamweaver. It also gives a brief description on Internet. Through the various examples the course will describe how to design specific page, dynamic web page, forms and frames. It also focuses on the practical aspects of these technologies.

Syllabus

BLOCK 1: Scripting Languages

• Unit 1: The Internet

Classification of Networks, Networking Models, What is Packet Switching, Accessing the Internet, Internet Protocols, Internet Protocol (IP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Internet Address, Structure of Internet Servers Address, Address Space, How does the Internet work, Intranet & Extranet, Internet Infrastructure, Protocols and Services on Internet, Domain Name System, SMTP and Electronic Mail, Http and World Wide Web, Usenet and Newgroups, FTP, Telnet, Internet Tools, Search Engines, Web Browser.

• Unit 2: Introduction to HTML

What is HTML, Basic Tags of HTML, HTML Tag, TITLE Tag, BODY Tag, Formatting of Text, Headers, Formatting Tags, PRE Tag, FONT Tag, Special Characters, Working with Images, META Tag.

• Unit 3: Advanced HTML

Links, Anchor tag, Lists, Unordered Lists, Ordered Lists, Definition Lists, Tables, TABLE, TR and TD Tags, Cell Spacing and Cell Padding, Colspan and Rowspan, Frames, Frameset, FRAME Tag, NOFRAMES Tag, Forms, FORM and INPUT Tag, Text Box, Radio Button, Checkbox, SELECT Tag and Pull Down Lists, Hidden, Submit and Reset, Some Special Tags, COLGROUP, THREAD, TBODY, TFOOT, _blank, _self, _parent, _top, IFRAME, LABEL, Attribute for <SELECT>, TEXTAREA.

• Unit 4: Introduction to JavaScript

JavaScript Variables and Data Types, Declaring Variables, Data Types, Statements and Operators, Control Structures, Conditional Statements, Loop Statements, ObjectBased Programming, Functions, Executing Deferred Scripts, Objects, Message box in JavaScript, Dialog Boxes, Alert Boxes, Confirm Boxes, Prompt Boxes, JavaScript with HTML, Events, Event Handlers, Forms, Forms Array.

• Unit 5: VB Script

What is VBScript? Adding VBScript Code to an HTML Page, VB Script Basics, VBScript Data Types, VBScript Variables, VBScript Constants, VBScript Operators, Using Conditional Statements, Looping Through Code, VBScript Procedures, VBScript Coding Conventions, Dictionary Object in VBScript, Methods: VBScript Dictionary Object, VBScript Dictionary Object Properties, Err Object, Methods: VBScript Err Object, Properties: VBScript Err Object.

• Unit 6: Dreamweaver

Using Dreamweaver, Create a Site Home Page, Design a Page in Layout View, Insert Images, Insert Text, Work in Standard View, View the Site Files, Link your Documents.

BLOCK 2: Lab Manual

Section 1: HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)

• Basic of HTML
• How to Create HTML Document
• Steps for Creating a Simple HTML Program

Section 2: Advanced HTML

• Advanced Topics of HTML

Section 3: JavaScript

• Script Basics
• Incorporating JavaScript into a Web Page

Section 4: VBScript

• VBScript Basics
• Incorporating VBScript into HTML Page

Section 5: Dreamweaver

• How to Work in Dreamweaver??
• How to save your file?
• Adding Layers to the Timeline and Giving Motion to the Layer
• Inserting Scripts
• Inserting External Media in the Web Page
• Adding SSI(Server-side include to the Page)
• Adding CSS Style to your Page
• Adding XML Files to your Page
• To Export a Dreamweaver Document as XML File, checking entries, working in frames, windows control, the Java script URL.

Java Programming Lab (1 Credit)

Objectives

This lab is based on the course MCS-024. This lab course involves the development of the practical skills in Java Programming. Theoretical aspects were already covered in the respective theory courses. This course is an attempt to upgrade and enhance your theoretical skills and provide the hands on experience in Java programming. By the end of these practical sessions of this course, you will be able to write programs using java programming language.

SECTION 1: Java Programming Lab

• Programming with Java
• PATH and CLASSPATH Setting
• Example Programs
• List of Lab Assignments

Statistical Techniques Lab (1 Credit)

This course is based on Statistical Techniques course.

Objectives:

This lab course will provide opportunity to the learners to implement the concepts and techniques learned in Statistical Techniques course in C/C++ Language and/or in MS-Excel.

Session wise coverage:

• Session 1 : Frequency distribution, central tendency and dispersion.
• Session 2,3, 4: Hypothesis testing, t distribution, chi square distribution of distribution, normal distribution.
• Session 5 : Regression and correlation coefficient-univariate, multivariate.
• Session 6 : Anova test.
• Session 7 : Central charts.
• Session 8 : Time series.
• Session 9, 10 : Sampling for a problem domain and analyse – Case Study.

Analysis and Design of Algorithms Lab (1 Credit)

This course will cover practical implementations of several algorithms covered in BCS-042 course.

Syllabus of IGNOU BCA Fifth Semester

Introduction to Software Engineering (3 Credits)

Objectives:

After studying the course, the student should:

1. Be able to develop SRS as per any of the existing standards;
2. Know various Function and Object oriented modeling & design techniques;
3. Know various testing techniques;
4. Know different Software Development Life Cycle models; and
5. Know the concepts of Software Project Management.

BLOCK 1 : Development of SRS

• Unit 1: Characteristics of SRS

Completeness, Unambiguity, Inconsistency, IEEE SRS.

• Unit 2: Function oriented Modeling

DFD, ERD, Structure Chart, SRS, Data Dictionaries.

• Unit 3: Object Oriented Modeling

UML Introduction, Use Case Diagrams, Class Diagrams.

BLOCK 2 : Design and Testing

• Unit 1: Function Oriented Design

Constructing solution to problem, Identifying components and their interaction, Visualizing the solution, Characteristics of a good function oriented design (Coupling, Cohesion etc.).

• Unit 2: Object Oriented Design

Identification & Specification problem domain static objects, Working out the application logic objects, Identification of necessary utility objects, Methodology of identification of objects, Case Study.

• Unit 3: Testing Techniques

Different testing techniques with examples.

• Unit 4: Development and Execution of test cases

Debugging, Testing tools & Environments, Types of test cases and test plans.

BLOCK 3 : Software Engineering Concepts

• Unit 1: Software Development Models

Program vs Software, Definition of Software Engineering, SDLC models.

• Unit 2: Software Project Management Concepts

Planning, Execution, Monitoring, Control of Software Projects, Software Metrics, Application of PERT and GANTT charts.

• Unit 3: Software Engineering Fundamentals

Software Configuration Management, Software Maintenance, Software Quality Assurance.

Network Programming and Administration (3 Credits)

BLOCK 1 : TCP/IP Protocols

• Unit 1: Introduction to TCP/IP

Origin of TCP/IP and Internet, Communication ,Why do we Need the Internet, Need of Protocol on Communication, Problems in Computer Communication, Dealing with Incompatibility, A Brief History of the Internet, Architecture of the Internet, TCP/IP Layer and Protocols, Network Access Layer, Internet Layer, Need for IP Address, Classes of IP Address, Special Meanings, Who Decides the IP Addresses, Internet Protocol, Address Resolution Protocol (ARP),Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP), Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP), Transport Layer, Transmission Control Protocol, User Datagram Protocol (UDP), Application Layer, Electronic Mail, Domain Name System (DNS), How does the DNS Server Works? Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP), Remote Login: TELNET, World Wide Web: HTTP, Networking Example.

• Unit 2 : Internet Protocol

Overview of Internet Protocol, IP Header, IP Address, IP Address Classes, Subnet Masks and CIDR Networks (Classless IP Addresses), Internet-Legal Versus Private Addressing, IP Routing, Routing Protocol, Routing Algorithms.

• Unit 3 : Transport Layer Protocols

Overview of TCP, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), TCP Header, TCP Connection Establishment and Termination, TCP Connection Establishment, TCP Connection Termination, User Datagram Protocol (UDP).

• Unit 4 : Application Layer Protcols

Domain Name System (DNS), Hierarchical Name Space, Domain Servers, How does DNS Work in Internet, Domain Name Resolution, Messages Used in DNS, Dynamic DNS (DDNS), Electronic Mail, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP),Message Transfer Agent, User Agent, Post Office Protocol (POP), Internet Mail Access Protocol (IMAP),Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME), Telnet , File Transfer Protocol (FTP).

BLOCK 2: Fundamentals of TCP/IP Programming

• Unit 1: TCP/IP Programming Concepts

Client Server Communication, Designing Client/Server Programs, Socket Concepts, IP Address and Ports, Byte Ordering, Sketch of Networking Connection, Active and Passive Sockets, Socket Fundamentals, Networking Example.

• Unit 2: Socket Interface

Elementary Socket System Calls, Socket System Call, Bind System Call, Connect System Call, Listen System Call, Accept System Call, Elementary Data Transfer Calls, Closing a Socket, TCP and UDP Architectures, Networking Example.

• Unit 3: Socket Programming

Advance System call, Data Transfer, Byte Operations and Addressing, SocketOptions, Select System Call Raw Socket, Multiple Recipients, Unicasting,Broadcasting, Multicasting, Quality of Service Issues.

BLOCK 3: Network Administration Using Linux

• Unit 1: Introduction To Network Administration

Role and responsibilities of Network Administrator, Linux and TCP/IP Internetworking concepts, Using Network Clients, Understanding System Initialization, Use Remote Administration Services and Tools.

• Unit 2: Network Administration Activities

Managing software packages and File systems, Managing users, System and kernel management, Basic Troubleshooting.

• Unit 3: Network Configuration and Setting

Configuring Networks, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, Domain Name System (DNS), Network File System (NFS), Web Server (Prefer Samba Server).

• Unit 4: Network Management and Security

Networks and Security, User Security Management, Disk Security Management, Security Configuration and Analysis, Account Policies, Permissions and Restrictions, Configuring Network Settings, Advance Troubleshooting.

Web Programming (2 Credits)

Objectives:

After going through this course a student should be able to:

Use XHTML tags to create simple static web pages;

• format a simple Web page using Cascading Style sheets;
• state the concepts applicable to web programming;
• create an interactive and dynamic Web site using JavaScript;
• represent data over the Web using XML;
• appreciate the use of Ajax and Rich Internet Applications, and
• perform server side scripting using Java Server Pages (JSP).

BLOCK 1: Client Side

• Unit 1: Web 2.0 and XHTML

What Is Web 2.0? Introduction to Web 2.0 terms: Search, Content Networks, Blogging, Social Networking, Social Media, Rich Internet Applications (RIAs), Web Services, Mashups, Widgets and Gadgets, Introduction to XHTML and WML, Syntactic Differences between HTML and XHTML, Standard XHTML Document Structure, An example of XHTML covering Basic Syntax, Images, Hypertext Links, Lists and Tables, Creation of an XHTML Form, Internal Linking and Meta Elements.

• Unit 2: Using Style Sheets

CSS: Inline Styles, Embedded Style Sheets, Linking External Style Sheets, Style Specification Formats Selector Forms, Colour, Property Value Forms, Font Properties, List Properties, Alignment of Text, The Box Model, Background Image ,The <span> and <div> Tags.

• Unit 3: Introduction to XML

XML Basics, XML Document Structure, XML Namespaces, Document Type Definitions, XML Schemas, Displaying XML Documents.

• Unit 4: Programming with Java Script – DOM and Events

The Document Object Model, Element Access in JavaScript, Traversing and Modifying a DOM Tree, DOM Collections and Styles, Events, Examples of Event Handling from Body, Button, Text Box and Password Elements, Dynamic Documents using JavaScript – element moving, visibility, positioning etc., Example program (s),Introduction and example of AJAX.

• Unit 5: Introduction to WAP and WML

WAP and WML Basics, WML formatting and links, WML input, WML tasks, WML timer, WML variables, Example.

BLOCK 2: Server Side

• Unit 1: The Server Side Scripting

Server side scripting and its need ,Two-Tier, Three-Tier, N-Tier and Enterprise Architecture, Various Languages/ Technologies for server scripting ,HTTP Methods (such as GET, POST, HEAD, and so on) , Purpose ,Technical characteristics, Method selection, Use of request and response primitives, Web container – Tomcat.

• Unit 2: JSP – Basic

Basic JSP Lifecycle, JSP Directives and Elements, Scriptlets, Expressions, Action Elements, Standard Actions, Comments and Template Data, JSP variables, The out Object, Request, response, sessions and application objects.

• Unit 3: JSP – Applications

Exceptions and exception handling using JSP, Cookies and sessions, Managing Email using JSP Unit 4: JSP Application Development Example applications using JSP, What is JDBC? Need for JDBC, Database Drivers, Connection using JDBC API, Application development and deployment.

Computer Oriented Numerical Techniques (3 Credits)

Introduction and Objectives: In today’s world the practical problems are quite complex and it may not be possible to find their analytical solutions. Hence we have to resort to computer oriented numerical methods for solving them. Numerical analysis provides knowledge of various techniques to get mathematical entities involved in solving the problems.

BLOCK 1: Computer Arithmetic and Solution of Linear and Non-linear Equations

• Unit 1: Computer Arithmetic

Floating–Point Arithmetic and Errors, Rounding and Chopping of a Number and Associated Errors, Floating Point Representation of Numbers, Truncation errors and Taylor’s Series.

• Unit 2: Solution of Linear Algebraic Equations

Preliminaries, Direct Methods, Gauss Elimination Method (Basic), Gauss Elimination Method (Row Interchanges: Pivotal condensation),Iterative Methods, Gauss Jacobi Iterative Method, The Gauss-Seidel Iteration Method, Comparison of Direct and Iterative Methods.

• Unit 3: Solution of Non-linear Equations

Non Linear Equations, Solution of Non Linear Equations, Successive Substitution Method(Fixed point method), Bisection Method ,Newton-Raphson Method, Regulafalsi Method, Secant Method.

BLOCK 2: Interpolation

• Unit 1: Operator

What is Interpolation, Some Operators and their Properties, Interrelation between operators, Applications of operators on some functions.

• Unit 2: Interpolation with Equal Intervals

Difference Table, Interpolation Methods, Newton Forward Difference Formula, Newton Backward Difference Formula, Central Difference Formula, Stirling’s Formula, Bessle’s Formula.

• Unit 3: Interpolation with Unequal Intervals

Lagrange’s Method, Divided Difference Method, Divided Difference Table, Newton’s Divided Difference Method.

BLOCK 3: Differentiation, Integration and Differential Equations

• Unit 1: Numerical Differentiation

Differentiation by Forward/Backward Difference Formula, Differentiation by Central Difference Formula.

• Unit 2: Numerical Integration

Methodology’s of Numerical Integration, Rectangular Rule, Trapezoidal Rule, Simpsons (1/3) Rule.

• Unit 3: Ordinary Differential Equation

Initial Value and Boundary Value Problem, Euler’s Method, Improved Euler’s Method, Runge Kutta (R-K) Methods (of Order 2 and 4).

Business Communication (2 Credits)

Objectives:

• Making students aware of the importance of social skills in business.
• Preparing them for the job market.
• Sensitizing them to implications of communicating in multi-cultural settings.
• Making students aware of difference between oral & written communication.
• Facilitating understanding & practice of in company and external business correspondence.
• Dealing with requirements of effective reports & proposals.

BLOCK 1: Business Social Skills & the Recruitment Process

• Unit 1: Greetings & Introductions

Small talk, Corporate Entertainment.

• Unit 2: Company Profiles/Jobs & responsibilities

Business Organisations, Jobs and Responsibilities

• Unit 3: Getting Ready for the Job Market and Organising a Portfolio

Preparing a Portfolio.

• Unit 4: Responding to Advertisements

Writing a CV/Resume, Covering Letter, Accepting & Declining Job Offers.

BLOCK 2: Interviews

• Unit 1: Preparing for Interview

Preparing for Interviews,

• Unit 2: Facing Interview

How to face interviews

• Unit 3: Phone and Walk-in-Interviews

How to face interviews, Star Structure

• Unit 4: Group Discussions

Essential requirements for GD, How are GD different from Conversation and Debates.

BLOCK 3: Business Writing

• Unit 1: Features of Written & Oral Communication

Making a choice, In Company Communication: notices, notes, messages, memos, e mails etc.

• Unit 2: External Communication

Types of Letters, faxes, emails, Conventions & Practices.

• Unit 3: Writing Reports

Types of reports – Informative & analytical, Contents & Structures.

• Unit 4: Writing Proposals

Basic Features, Types of proposals.

BLOCK 4: Cross Cultural Communication

• Unit 1: Communication Across Cultures

Culture in Business Communication, Cultural Aspects of behavior at meetings in the US, Cultural Profile of India

• Unit 2: Business Travel

Preparation for business travel, International travel, do’s and don’t of business travel, how to avoid travel related problems, travel itineraries, making arrangements

• Unit 3: Business Events

What are business events, the importance of business events, planning for business events, vocabulary associated with business events, polite expressions, writing an emil to expo organizers

Network Programming and Administration Lab (1 Credit)

• Section 1: Introduction to UNIX

Overview of Unix,Unix Commands.

• Section 2: Introduction to Linux

Overview of Linux,Exploring Desktop,Using the Shell,Understanding users and file systems, Understanding text processing,Managing processes.

• Section 3: Network Programming Using C

Introduction to C.

• Section 4: Network Programming and Administration Exercises

Lab Sessions.

Web Programming Lab

This lab course is of 1Credit, based on course Web programming.

Session wise coverage:

• Session 1: Using Web 2.0 and creating pages using XHTML.
• Session 2: Creating Style Sheets for the web pages created in session.
• Session 3: Creating sample XML document and displaying it.
• Session 4: WML.
• Session 5 and 6: Using and writing JavaScript in web pages, including events and Ajax.
• Session 7, 8: Using JSP.
• Session 9, 10: Writing simple applications using JSP and JDB and deploying it.

Computer Oriented Numerical Techniques Lab (1 Credit)

This course is based on Computer Oriented Numerical Techniques.

Objectives:

This lab course will provide opportunity to the learners to implement the concepts and techniques learned in course Computer Oriented Numerical Techniques in C/C++ Language and/ or in MS Excel/Any Spread Sheet.

Session wise coverage:

• Session 1,2,3 : for Based on problems discussed in Block 1
• Session 4,5,6 : for Based on problems discussed in Block 2
• Session 7,8,9,10 : for Based on problems discussed in Block 3

Syllabus of IGNOU BCA Sixth Semester

E-Commerce (2 Credits)

Objectives:

The Objectives of the Course are:

1. To make the student aware about the basics of E-commerce, its processes and some of the services/products supporting these processes.

2. After studying this course, the students shall be able to understand the basic related business processes like B2B, C2B & B2C involved in the area of E-Commerce with an overview of the technical support for the processes.

BLOCK 1: E-Commerce Concept and Models

• Unit 1: Introduction to E-Commerce

Definition and scope of E-Commerce and M-Commerce, E-Commerce trade cycle, Electronic Markets, Internet Commerce, Benefits and Impacts of E-Commerce.

• Unit 2: Elements of E-Commerce

Various elements, e-visibility, e-shops, Delivery of goods and services, Online payments, After – sales services, Internet E-Commerce security.

• Unit 3: EDI and Electronic Payment Systems

Introduction and definition of EDI, EDI layered Architecture, EDI technology and standards, EDI communications and transactions, Benefits and applications of EDI with example, Electronic Payment Systems: credit/debit/smart cards, e-credit accounts, e-money.

• Unit 4: Introduction to EC models

Inter-organization and intra-organization E-Commerce, E-Commerce Models: B2B, B2C, C2B, C2C, G2C, C2G.

BLOCK 2: Practices in E-Commerce

• Unit 5: E-Business

Introduction to Internet bookshops, Grocery Suppliers, Software Supplies and support, Electronic newspapers, Virtual auctions, Online share dealing, e-diversity.

• Unit 6: E-Security and Legal Issues

Security concerns in E-Commerce, Privacy, integrity, authenticity, non-repudiation, confidentiality, SSL, Digital Signatures and fire walls, IT Act 2000,Cyber crimes and cyber laws.

• Unit 7: Mobile Commerce and Future of E-Commerce

Introduction to Mobile Commerce, Benefits of Mobile Commerce, Impediments of M-Commerce, M-Commerce framework, Emerging and future trends.

• Unit 8: Case Study

Operating System Concepts and Networking Management (4 Credits)

Objectives:

This course is intended to introduce the concepts, structure, features, trends and design mechanism of Operating system. The Operating System has seen consistent innovations and developments like other fields of computer science. In this course efforts have been to capture these changes. The trend is towards GUI based free, platform independent, secure and network-based operating system. Linux and Windows 2000 have got very wide coverage in the course. Security and network management, a part of modern Operating System design, have also been taken up.

Syllabus

BLOCK 1: Operating System Fundamentals Networking

• Unit 1: Graphical User Interface

What is Graphical User Interface, Evolution of Human and Machine Interaction, Common Graphical User Interfaces, Functionality of Graphical User Interface, GUI Design Consideration: psychological factors, GUI Design Consideration: standards, GUI Example, Microsoft Windows, Macintosh Toolbox, X-windows, NeXT.

• Unit 2: Introduction to Operating System

What is an Operating System? Evolution of Operating System, Serial Processing, Batch Processing, Multiprogramming, Operating System Structure, Layered Structure Approach, Virtual Machine, Client-Server Model, Kernel Approach, Classification of Advanced Operating System, Architecture Driven Operating System, Application Driven Operating System, Characteristics of Modern Operating System, Microkernel Architecture, Multithreading, Symmetric Multiprocessing.

• Unit 3: Introduction to Networking Concepts

Why Computer Networks, The Topologies, Characteristics of the OSI Layers, OSI Models and Communication between Systems, Interaction between OSI Model Layers, Protocols Types of Networks, Local Area Network (LANs), Metropolitan Networks (MANs), Wide Area Network (WANs), Medium, Data Flow, Physical Connection, Transmission Media, Connecting Devices, Repeaters, Hubs, Bridges, Routers, Gateways.

• Unit 4: Internetworking: Concept, Architecture and Protocols

Architecture and Protocols, History of internetworking, Packet Switching, Internetworking Concepts, Internet Addresses Object-Based Programming, Configuring IP Addresses, TCP/ IP, Additional TCP/ IP – Related Protocols, Application Layer Protocols, File Transfer Protocols, Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP), TELNET, Remote login, Electronic Mail (Email),World Wide Web, Domain Name System, SNMP and UDP.

BLOCK 2: Linux Operating System

• Unit 1: Introduction to Linux Operating System

Features of Linux, Drawbacks of Linux, Components of Linux, Memory Management Subsystems, Linux Process and Thread Management, File Management System, Device Drivers.

• Unit 2: Linux Commands and Utilities

Entering the Machine, User Names and Groups, Logging In, Correcting Typing Mistakes, Format of Linux Commands, Changing Your Password, Characters with Special Meanings, Linux Documentation, The File System, Current Directory, Looking at the Directory Contents, Absolute and Relative Pathnames, Some Linux Directories and Files.

• Unit 3: Linux Utilities and Editor

Some Useful Commands, Permission Modes and Standard Files, Pipes, Filters and Redirection, Shell Scripts, Graphical User Interface, Editor.

• Unit 4: User-to-User Communication On-Line Communication, Off-Line Communication, Apache Server Settings, Network Server Settings, Domain Name Server, Network File Server.
• Unit 5: UNIX System Administration

System Administration, Installing Linux, Choosing an Installation Method, Choosing an Installation Class, Pre-installation checks, Installation, Booting the System, Maintaining User Accounts, File Systems and Special Files, Backups and Restoration.

BLOCK 3: Windows 2000

• Unit 1: Windows 2000 Networking

Windows 2000 Operating System Architecture, Peer-To-Peer Network, Domains, Network Protocols, File Services, Shared Folders, Distributed File System, Print Services, Using the Mapped Drive, Printing a Mapped Drive, Disconnecting a Mapped Drive, Viewing Directory Information, Creating a Shared Folder, Logging off a Client, A Few Important Facts About Windows 2000 Usages.

• Unit 2: Managing Windows 2000 Server

Using Windows 2000 and Client, Logging on to the Network, Browsing Network Resources 1, Accessing Network Resources Using My Network Places, Mapping a Folder.

• Unit 3: Advanced Windows 2000 Networking

Windows 2000 Domains, Workgroups & Trusted Relationships, Concept of Domains, Trust Relationships, Building Domains, User Administration, Remote Access.

• Unit 4: Windows XP Networking

Introduction to Windows XP Networking, TCP/IP Protocol Setting for Windows XP, To Select a Network Protocol, Virtual Private Networks and Remote Networking, Windows XP in File System, Sharing Network Resources in Windows XP, Sharing Files in Windows XP, Sharing Folders in Windows XP, Sharing Drives in Windows XP, Enabling Offline File Features.

BLOCK 4: Security and Management

• Unit 1: Security Concepts

Goals of Computer Security, Integrity, Confidentiality, Availability, Security Problem and Requirements, Identifying the Assets, Identifying the Threats, Identifying the Impact, Threat and Vulnerabilities, User Authentication, Security System and Facilities, System Access Control, Password Management, Privileged User Management, User Account Management, Data Resource Protection, Sensitive System Protection, Cryptography, Intrusion detection, Computer-Security Classifications.

• Unit 2: Computer Security

Hardening Operating System and Application Code, Hardening File System Security, Hardening Local Security Policies, Hardening Services, Hardening Default Accounts, Hardening Network Activity, Malicious Code, Firewall, Fault Tolerant System, BACKUP and UPS.

• Unit 3: Security and Management-I

Main Issues In Windows Security Management, Physical Security Management, Logon Security Management, Users and Groups Management, Managing Local and Global Groups, Managing User Accounts, Windows NT Domain Management, Domain Controller, The Primary Domain Controller (PDM), Backup Domain Controller (BDC), Windows Resources Management, Registry Management, Removing Registry Access, Managing Individual Keys, Audit Registry Access, Printer Management, Managing Windows 2000 Operating System, Active Directory, Logical Structure, Physical Structure, Windows 2000 DNS Management, Managing Group Policy.

• Unit 4: Security and Management-II

User Authentication Management, Subsystems Component Management, Kerberos Management, User and Group Management, Configuring User Accounts, Creating Domain User Accounts, Managing Logon Hours, Managing Expiry Date for a User Account, Windows 2000 Groups Management, Default Group Types, Security Configuration Management Tool, Resource Management, Files and Folder Management, Files and Folder Permission, Inheritances and Propagation, Moving Data and Permission, Shared Resources Management, The NULL Session, Registry Management

Default Registry Configurations, Registry Backup Managements, Printer Security Management, Windows 2000 Network – Security and Management, NAT and ICS, RRAS, RADIUS and IAS, IPSec, Encrypting File System Management, Encrypting File System (EFS), EFS and Users Management, Data Recovery Management, EFS Cryptography Management.

Lab (Operating System concepts and Networking Management) (1 Credit)

Objectives

This lab is based on the course MCS-022. This lab course involves the development of the practical skills in OS and Networking. Theoretical aspects were already covered in the respective theory courses. This course is an attempt to upgrade and enhance your theoretical skills and provide the hands on experience. By the end of these practical sessions of this course, you will be able use Unix and Linux OS commands, write scripting and Installation and Configuration of the networking services like TCP/IP, DNS, DHCP, FTP, SMTP etc.

Structure

SECTION 1: Operating Systems and Networking Lab

• Overview of Windows 2000
• Unix and Linux
• Advanced concepts of Local Area Network
• Network administration of Windows 2000
• LINUX administration
• Unix Networking
• Installation and Configuration of the networking services like TCP/IP, DNS, DHCP, FTP, SMTP

Project (8 Credits)

The objective of the BCA project work is to develop a quality software solution by following the software engineering principles and practices. During the development of the project the students should involve in all the stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC). The main

Objective of this project course is to provide learners a platform to demonstrate their practical and theoretical skills gained during five semesters of study in BCA Programme. During project development students are expected to define a project problem, do requirements analysis, systems design, software development, apply testing strategies and do documentation with an overall emphasis on the development of a robust, efficient and reliable software systems. The project development process has to be consistent and should follow standard.. For example database tables designed in the system should mach with the E-R Diagram. SRS documents to be created as per IEEE standards.

Students are encouraged to spend maximum time of the sixth semester working on a project preferably in a software industry or any research organization. Topics selected should be complex and large enough to justify as a BCA final semester project. The courses studied by the students during the BCA Programme provide them the comprehensive background knowledge on diverse subject areas in computer science such as computer programming, data structure, DBMS, Computer Organization, SAD, Software Engineering, Computer Networks etc., which will be helping students in doing project work. Student will receive Project Guidelines along with their 5th semester course material. Students may also download Project Guidelines from IGNOU Website. Students should strictly follow and adhere to the BCSP-064 project guidelines.