The Full form of GIS is Geographic Information System. It is a system designed to manage, collect, analyze, manipulate and display all types of geographical and spatial data and information. Geographic Information System allows performing spatial analysis and managing large data and displaying the information in maps or graphical form for analysis and presentation.
GIS applications are tools that allow users to create interactive queries (user-created searches), edit data in maps, analyze spatial information, and present the results of all these operations. GIS sometimes refers to GIScience (Geographic Information Science), the science underlying geographic concepts, systems, and applications. Since the mid-1980s, GIS has become valuable tool used to support a variety of city, state, and regional planning functions.
GIS can refer to a number of different processes, technologies, techniques, and methods. It is attached to many techniques and has many applications related to, planning, engineering, management, insurance, transport/logistics, telecommunications, and business. For that reason, GIS and location intelligence applications that rely on analysis and visualization can be the foundation for many location-enabled services.
It stores data on their characteristics and geographical features. These features are known as lines, points, areas, or raster images.
For example, in the map of a city, landmarks can be stored as points, road data can be stored as lines, and boundaries can be stored as areas.