The Full form of TB is Tuberculosis. TB is a highly contagious infection caused by the bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is abbreviated as TB. Tiny lumps (Tubercles) are a characteristic finding in TB. Diagnosis may be made by skin test, which if positive will be followed by a chest X-ray to determine the status (active or dormant) of the infection. Tuberculosis is more common in people with immune system problems, such as AIDS, than in the general population. In the US, treatment of active tuberculosis is mandatory by law and should be available at no cost to the patient through the public health system. It involves a course of antibiotics and vitamins that lasts about six months. It is vital to finish the entire treatment, both to prevent the development of antibiotic-resistant tuberculosis and to prevent reoccurrence. Most patients with tuberculosis do not need to be quarantined, but it is sometimes necessary. TB is an infectious and contagious disease that’s transmitted from person to person. The cause of TB is infection of human tissue(s) by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB or mycobacteria). These bacteria are aerobic, slow growing, and can grow within body cells (an intracellular parasitic bacterium).