The Full form of CNC is Computerized Numerical Control. CNC is a controlling system which is used to control machines with digital electronic computers. It controls, automates, and monitors the movements of a machine. It can be a router, welder, milling machine, grinder, laser cutter, etc. CNC machines are fully automatic as compared to the old manual machines which always need an operator to run them.
This means a computer converts the design into numbers produced by CAD (Computer Aided Design) software. The numbers can be the coordinates of a graph and they control the movement of the cutter. In this way a computer controls the cutting, designing and shaping of the material.
These machines are accurate, very useful and smart because these are controlled by a computer. As these machines are not manually operated, the probability of error is negligible. CNC machines generally come with several axes of movement and can be linear, rotary, or both.
CNC machines are easy to operate, great time saver, and require limited supervision and can be updated by improving the software that controls the machine. As compared to manual labors, CNC machines decrease the operational cost and can be used continuously, 24 hours a day.