BINC Biology Syllabus – Advanced
Cell Biology and Genetics
Vesicular transport and protein traffic in cells
Different mechanisms of signal transduction, concepts in signal network, second messenger, molecules involved in various signaling pathways such as G-protein coupled receptors, protein kinases, calcium binding proteins
X-linked and autosomal diseases, mitochondrial related disease, QTL methods for diagnostics
Extra-chromosomal inheritance
Immune response, autoimmune disorders, ELISA method
Molecular genetics and genetic disorders
Molecular Biology
Genome organization, Initiation, elongation and termination of transcription-template and enzyme properties, promoter and regulator sequences. Regulation of translation, Post transcriptional modifications
Methods for studying gene expression and regulatory sequences, large-scale expression analysis, use of microarrays
Genetic information transfer, details of regulation in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, horizontal gene transfer
Operons – positive and negative regulation, Processing of RNA and Proteins – Transport and Stability
Organization of eukaryotic genome, Methods for studying variation and polymorphism at genome level, PCR, northern, southern, western blotting, RFLP, fingerprinting, RAPDs, DNA and protein sequencing methods
Epigenetic mechanisms of inheritance regulatory RNA molecules (RNA; miRNA, siRNA), antisense RNA and their applications
Biochemistry
Enzyme kinetics, Lineweaver-Burk plot, Competitive and non competitive inhibition
Molecular mechanisms of interactions of small and large molecules including ions, regulation of protein pathways, mechanism of enzyme action, ribozyme and abzymes
Isoenzymes, allosteric enzymes, regulation by covalent modification
Carbohydrate metabolism: Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, glycogenesis, TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
Pentose phosphate pathway; hormonal control, β-oxidation and biosynthesis of fatty acids
Transamination and deamination of amino acids, ketogenic and glycogenic amino acids, urea cycle
Purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis