UGC NET Syllabus for Tourism Administration and Management
UGC-NET-Syllabus
Subject: Tourism Administration and Management
Note:
There will be two question papers, Paper-II and paper-III(Part A & Part B) paper –II will be cover 50 objective type question(Multiple type, matching type ,true/false, Assertion Reasoning type) carrying 100 marks Paper-III will have two parts Part-A and Part-B
Paper-III will have 10 short essay type question (300 words) carrying 16 marks ach. In it there will be one question with internal choice from each unit (i.e 10 question form 10 units Total marks will be 160) Paper-IIIB will be compulsory and there will be one question form each of the elective. The candidate will attempt only one question (One elective only in 800 words) carrying 40 marks. Total marks of paper-III will be 200
Paper-II and Paper-III (Part A & B)
Unit-I
Tourist/visitors/Travelers/Excursionist-Definition and Differentiation, Tourism recreation and Leisure inter-relationship. Tourism components, Element ad Infrastructure Types and typologies of Tourism
Emerging Concept: Eco/Rural/Agri/Farm/Green/Wildness/countryside/Special interest tourism
Tourism Trends: Growth and development over the year and factors responsible therein. Changing market destination pattern , traffic flows. receipt rends. Travel motivator and deterrents. Pull and Push forces in tourism
Linkage and Channels of distribution in tourism
Tourism organisation/instittions: Origin, Organization and function of WTO, PATA, IATA, ICAO, FHRAI,TAAI, IATO and UFTAA
Unit-II
Concept of resource, Attraction and product in tourism, Tourism products: Typology and unique features
Natural tourism resources in India: Existing use pattern vis-a-vis potential with relation to varied and form (Mountain, deserts, beaches, coastal areas and islands), Water bodies and biotic wealth (flora -fauna)
Popular Tourist destination for land based (soft/hard trekking, ice skiing, mountaineering, desert safaris, car rallies etc), Water Based (rafting, kayaking, canoeing, surfing, waterskiing, scuba/snuba diving) and air based (Para-sailing, Para gliding, ballooning, hand gliding and microlightining etc), Tourist activities, Wildlife-Tourism a conservation related issues-Occurrence ad distributions of popular wildlife species in India. Tourism national parks, wildlife centuries and biosphere reserve (case of Dachigham, corbett/Dudhva/Kaziranga/Kanha/Gir/Ranthumbore/Mudumalai/Sundarban/Shivpuri/Manas/Nanda devi/Valey of flower reserve)
Tourism and nature conservation-conflict, Symbiosis and Synergy
cultural Tourism resources in India: Indian culture and Society Indian History-Ancient, Medieval and Modern
Tradition , customs an costumes., Life Style and Settlements patterns, Food habits and cuisines, Music, Musical instruments and Dance Forms, Daring and Painting, Craftsmanship
Religion/Religious observances ad important pilgrim destination
Architectural Heritage-Forts/palace/Other architectural marvels-Location and Unique features
Unit-III
Accommodation: concepts, types an typologies, Linkage and Significance a with relation to tourism
Emerging dimensions of accommodation industry-Heritage hotels, Motels and resort properties, Time share establishments
Hotel an Hoetliering-Origin, Growth and diversification, Classification registration and gradation of hotels, Organixsationla Structure Functions ad Responsibilities of the various departments of a standard hotel/other catering outlets viz bars, restaurants , fats food centers , In flight catering
Leading Multinational hotel chains operating in India-Requirements, Training facilities Constraints and Scope
Fiscal and non-fiscal incentives available to hotel industry in India, Ethical legal and regulatory aspects
Unit-IV
Transportation: Dynamically changing needs and means
Landmarks in the development of transport sector and the consequent socioeconomic, cultural and environmental implication ,.Tourism transport system.
Airlines Transportation: The Airlines Industry-Origin and Growth. organizational of air Transport industry unintentional context. Scheduled and non scheduled Airlines services, Air, Taxis, Multinational Air Transport regulation-Nature, Significance and Limitation, role of IATA, ICAO, and other agencies, Bermuda convention
Air Transport Industry in India-DGCA and other key players, Regulatory Framework, Air Corporation Ac, Indian Cariers-Opertaions Management and performance, Marketing strategies of Air India
Significance of Road Transport in Tourism: Growth and development of road transport system in India, State of existing infrastructure, Public and Private Sector involvement Role of regional Transport Authority, Approved Travel Agencies, Tour/Transport Operators, Crahie/Rental companies
State and inter state bus and coach network, Insurance provision a road taxes and fitness certificate
rail Transport Network-major Railways system of world-British Rail, Euro Rail and Amtrak
type of Special Package offered by Indian Railways to tourists-Indrail pass Palace on wheel and royal client
Reservation procedure, GSAs abroad
Water Transport system in India-Historical pats, Cruise ships, Ferries , Hovercraft, River and canal boats, Fly cruise, Future prospects
Unit-V
Travel Agencies and Tour Operators Business: Origin, Growth and development m Definition, Differentiation and linkage Organization and functions, Travel information counseling, Itinerary preparation, reservation, cositng/pricing.Meakteing of tour package .Income sources
Airlines Ticketing: Operational perspective of ticketing-ABC codes Flight scheduling, Flying time, and MPM/TPM calculation TIM (Travel Information Manual), consultation, Routine and itinerary preparation, Types of fare , fare calculation and rounding up, Currency conversion and payment modes issuance of ticket
Cargo handling: Baggage allowance, free access baggage, Weigh and piece concept, Accountability of lost baggage, Dangerous goods, Cargo rates ad valuation charges Automation and airport procedures
Requirements for setting up team agency and tour operation a business
Approval from organization and institution concerned, Incentives available Indian context, constraint and limitations
Unit-VI
Marketing: core concepts in marketing, Needs, Wants, Demands, product market, Marketing Management philosophies-Production, Selling marketing and social perspective, economic importance of marketing
Tourism Marketing: Service chaatetstics of tourism, Unique features of tourist demand an tourist product, Tourism marketing mix
Analysis and selection of market: Measuring and forecasting tourism demand, Forecasting method, managing capacity and demand, Market segmentation and positioning
Developing marketing environment, Consumer buying behavior, competitive differentiation and competitive marketing strategies, New product development, product life cycle, Customer satisfaction and related strategies in internal and external marketing, interactive and relationship marketing
Planning marketing programmes: Product and product strategies, Product line , Product mix, Branding and packaging, Pricing, Consideration, Approaches and strategies, Distribution channels and strategies
Marketing of Tourism Services: Marketing of Airlines, Hotels, Resort, Travel, Agencies and other tourism related services-challenges ad strategies
Marketing Skill for tourism: Creativity-communication -Self motivation-team building personality development
Unit-VII
Tourism Planning: Origin, concept ad approaches, Level ad types of tourism planning,-Sectorial, Spatial integrated, complex, Centralized and Decentralized, Product life cycle theories and their applicability in tourism planning a, Urban and rural tourism planning
Tourism planning and policy perspective, planning at national , state and regional levels, India’s tourism policies
Tourism Planning process: Objectives , Setting, Background analysis, Detailed research and analysis, Synthesis, goal setting and plan, formulation Evaluation of tourism project-Project feasibility study, Plan implementation, Development and monitoring tourism master plan
Tourism impacts and need for sustainable tourism planning: Socio-cultural Economic and physical , Tourism carrying capacity and Environmental impact analysis(EIA)
Business ethics and laws-their relevance and applicability in travel and tourism industry
Law and legislation relating to tourist entry, stay, Departure, Passport, Visa and Health
Tourist safety and security Preservation and conservation of heritage environment, Archaeological sites and wildlife
Unit-VIII
The nature of field techniques, field techniques and tourism and hotel business importance and limitations
Research : Meaning, Types, trends, and Challenges with special reference to tourism and hotel business, Guiding principles in selection of research problems
Research Methodology: meaning, Procedural Guidelines, and Research design
Field Procedure for data collection and Analysis Techniques: nature, Sources aof Data, Techniques of data collections
Frequency Distribution: Meaning, Problem and consideration misconstruction numerical frequency distributions
Measure of central tendency and Variation
Correlation and Regression analysis
Probability and Probability distribution:
Probability: Meaning Definition and sample points and ample space
Events: Conditional; probability, Baves Theorem and probability on large sample space
Probability distributions: The binomial model, the Poisson model ad Normal Distribution
Sampling and Statistical testing”
Sampling and Sample Design: Sampling and reasons for damping Theoretical basis of sampling, Basic concept of sampling and types of sampling (Random and Non random sampling), Central limit theorem
Statistical testing: Formulation and general procedure of testing of hypothesis , One tail and two tail test
Parametric and Non parametric Testing:
Testing the Hypothesis: Comparison of two population means, comparison of two population proportions and comparison of two population means and standard deviation, F-Test, Student’s distribution and Chi-Square Tests
Unit-IX
management: Concept, nature, Process and Functions, Management levels Managerial skills ad roles, the external environment, Social responsibilities and ethics
Planning: Nature , Purpose, types and process, Management by objectives strategies, and policies, Decision making process, Tools and techniques, Decision making models
Organizing: Concept of organizing and organization, Line and Staff , Authority and responsibility, Span of control, Delegation, Decentralization, conflict and Coordination, organizational structure and design Management of change innovation and organizational development
Directing: Communication-process, Types, Barriers and principles of effective communication , Motivation-Theories and practices, Leadership-Concept theories and styles
Controlling: Process, Methods and techniques, Managing international business
Information systems: Automation of manual system Data Processing stages , Evolution form EDOP to MIS
MIS: Introduction Definition, Status, Framework of understanding an designing MIS
Computer networking: Application o CRS( computerized reservation System) in travel a trade and hospitality sector
Unit-X
Financial Management and Planning:
Finance: meaning Goals, Functional, Importance ad typologies of finance0Role of financial management, Organization goal environment, Forecasting and financial planning, Break even analysis
Management of current Assets:
Working Capital Management: Meaning and chaatetstics of working capital , Financing current assets , Cash management Receivables management and inventory management
Management of fixed Assets: importance of Capital Budgeting analytical techniques-non Discounted, Discounted techniques
Financial Structure and Management of Earnings
Meaning, Difference between financial and capital structures, Determinants of financial Structure
Financial leverage and effects of financial leverage on net income ad Shareholder’s wealth. Financial leverage ad financial planning. Break even analysis for financial leverage, Dividend policy, Significance of dividend policy and different typed of dividend policies
TFCI: Tourism Finance Corporation of India (TFCI)-Aims, Objectives, Organization and Functions
Accounting: preparation of Business Income statement, Balance Sheet Cash flow statement and Fund flow statement, Hotel Accounting
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